ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СИЛОВОГО КОМПОНЕНТА СПЕЦИАЛЬНОЙ ВЫНОСЛИВОСТИ РЕГБИСТОВ
Ключевые слова:
регби, сила, специальная выносливость, нападающие, защитники
Аннотация
Цель: изучение уровня развития силовых способностей и специальной выносливости регбистов различных игровых амплуа. Материалы и методы. В 2018–2019 гг. было обследовано 20 регбистов 19–23 лет, которые были разделены на две функциональные группы: первая группа состояла из 10 человек (игровое амплуа – «нападающие»), вторая группа состояла из 10 человек – «защитников». В обеих группах изучались специальная выносливость и интегральный показатель мышечной силы. Результаты. Показано, что показатели силы верхних и нижних конечностей игроков первой группы значительно превышают показатели игроков второй группы (14,7–31,03 %)
(р < 0,05–0,01), однако интегральный показатель относительной силы на 19,29 % (р < 0,05) ниже. Физическая работоспособность по параметру максимального потребления кислорода (VO2max) у защитников на 18,89 % (р < 0,01) ниже, чем у нападающих. Вывод. Результаты этого исследования предоставляют описательную информацию об антропометрических и силовых показателях регбистов уровня колледжа, предлагая потенциальные стандарты, которые тренеры могут использовать при отборе спортивных игроков.
Литература
1. Long-Term Training-Induced Changes in Sprinting Speed and Sprint Momentum in Elite Rugby Union Players / M.J. Barr, J.M. Sheppard, T.J. Gabbett et al. // Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. – 2014. – Vol. 28. – P. 2724–2731. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000364
2. The movement characteristics of English Premiership rugby union players / N. Cahill, K. Lamb, P. Worsfold et al. // Journal of Sports Sciences. – 2013. – Vol. 31. – С. 229–237. DOI: 10.1080/ 02640414.2012.727456
3. Coldwells, A. Sources of variation in back and leg dynamometry / A. Coldwells, G. Atkinson, T. Reilly // Ergonomics. – 2007. – Vol. 37 (1). – P. 79–86. DOI: 10.1080/00140139408963625
4. Cruz-Ferreira, A.M. Anthropometric and physiological profile of Portuguese rugby players – Part I: Comparison between athletes of different position groups / A.M. Cruz-Ferreira, C.A. Ribeiro // Revista Brasileira De Medicina Do Esporte. – 2013. – Vol. 19. – P. 48–51.
5. An Evaluation of the Physiological Demands of Elite Rugby Union Using Global Positioning System Tracking Software / B. Cunniffe, W. Proctor, J.S. Baker et al. // Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. – 2009. – Vol. 23. – P. 1195–1203. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a3928b
6. Deutsch, M.U. Time – motion analysis of professional rugby union players during match-play / M.U. Deutsch, G.A. Kearney, N.J. Rehrer // Journal of Sports Sciences. – 2007. – Vol. 25. – P. 461–472. DOI: 10.1080/02640410600631298
7. Duthie, G. Applied Physiology and Game Analysis of Rugby Union / G. Duthie, D. Pyne, S. Hooper // Sports Medicine. – 2003. – Vol. 33. – P. 973–991. DOI: 200310.2165/00007256-200333130-00003
8. The exploration of aerobic power and energy expenditure of Chinese rugby players / T. Fu, Y.W. Yang, P. Wu et al. // Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology. – 2019. – Vol. 35 (3). – P. 215–218. DOI: 10.12047/j.cjap.5760.2019.046
9. Кобзарь, А.И. Прикладная математическая статистика / А.И. Кобзарь. – М.: ФИЗМАТЛИТ, 2012. – 816 с.
10. Physical Differences Between Forwards and Backs in American Collegiate Rugby Players / M.B. La Monica, D.H. Fukuda, A.A. Miramonti et al. // Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. – 2016. – Vol. 30 (9). – P. 2382–2391. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001388
11. Miller, T. Conditioning Association. NSCA's Guide to Tests and Assessments / T. Miller. – Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2012. – 368 c.
12. Polevoy, G.G. Complex control of coordination and speed-power abilities in fire-applied sports / G.G. Polevoy, I.V. Strelnikowa // Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports. – 2020. – Vol. 24, No. 6. – P. 310–315. DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2020.0606
13. Ramsbottom, R. A progressive shuttle run test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake / R. Ramsbottom, T. Brewer, C. Williams // British Journal of Sports Medicine. – 1988. – Vol. 22 (4). – P. 141–144. DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.22.4.141
14. The physical demands of elite English rugby union / S.P. Roberts, G. Trewartha, R.J. Higgitt et al. // Journal of Sports Sciences. – 2008. – Vol. 26. – P. 825–833. DOI: 10.1080/02640410801942122
15. The relationship between physical fitness and game behaviours in rugby union players / D. Smart, W.G. Hopkins, K.L. Quarrie et al. // European Journal of Sport Science. – 2014. – Vol. 14. – P. 8–17. DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.635812
16. Hand-held Dynamometry Correlation With the Gold Standard Isokinetic Dynamometry: A Systematic Review / T. Stark, B. Walker, J.K. Phillips et al. // PM&R. – 2011. – Vol. 3 (5). – P. 272–279. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.10.025
17. Тарабрина, Н.Ю. Физиологическое обоснование и практическая реализация методов развития силового компонента тренировки выносливости борцов / Н.Ю. Тарабрина, Ю.В. Краев, А.И. Тихонов // Теория и практика физ. культуры. – 2020. – № 4. – С. 14–16.
18. Тарабрина, Н.Ю. Характеристика силовых возможностей и специальной выносливости регбистов различных игровых амплуа / Н.Ю. Тарабрина, М.Д. Ибрагимов // Актуальные проблемы подготовки спортсменов высокой квалификации в командно-игровых видах спорта: материалы Всерос. науч.-практ. конф. с междунар. участием, 2017. – С. 101–107.
2. Cahill N., Lamb K., Worsfold P. et al. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2013, vol. 31, pp. 229–237. DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2012.727456
3. Coldwells A., Atkinson G., Reilly T. Sources of Variation in Back and Leg Dynamometry. Ergonomics, 2007, vol. 37 (1), pp. 79–86. DOI: 10.1080/00140139408963625
4. Cruz-Ferreira A.M, Ribeiro C.A. Anthropometric and Physiological Profile of Portuguese Rugby Players – Part I: Comparison between Athletes of Different Position Groups. Revista Brasileira De Medicina Do Esporte, 2013, vol. 19, pp. 48–51. DOI: 10.1590/S1517-86922013000100010
5. Cunniffe B., Proctor W., Baker J.S. et al. An Evaluation of the Physiological Demands of Elite Rugby Union Using Global Positioning System Tracking Software. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2009, vol. 23, pp. 1195–1203. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a3928b
6. Deutsch M.U., Kearney G.A., Rehrer N.J. Time – Motion Analysis of Professional Rugby Union Players During Match-Play. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2007, vol. 25, pp. 461–472. DOI: 10.1080/ 02640410600631298
7. Duthie G., Pyne D., Hooper S. Applied Physiology and Game Analysis of Rugby Union. Sports Medicine, 2003, vol. 33, pp. 973–991. DOI: 200310.2165/00007256-200333130-00003
8. Fu T., Yang Y.W., Wu P. et al. The Exploration of Aerobic Power and Energy Expenditure of Chinese Rugby Players. Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology, 2019, vol. 35 (3), pp. 215–218. DOI: 10.12047/j.cjap.5760.2019.046
9. Kobzar A.I. Applied Mathematical Statistics FIZMATLIT. Moscow, 2012. 816 p. (in Russ.)
10. La Monica M.B., Fukuda D.H., Miramonti A.A. et al. Physical Differences Between Forwards and Backs in American Collegiate Rugby Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2016, vol. 30 (9), pp. 2382–2391. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001388
11. Miller T. Conditioning Association. NSCA's Guide to Tests and Assessments. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2012. 368 p.
12. Polevoy G.G., Strelnikowa I.V. Complex Control of Coordination and Speed-Power Abilities in Fire-Applied Sports. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 2020, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 310–315. DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2020.0606
13. Ramsbottom R., Brewer T., Williams C. A Progressive Shuttle Run Test to Estimate Maximal Oxygen Uptake. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 1988, vol. 22 (4), pp. 141–144. DOI: 10.1136/ bjsm.22.4.141
14. Roberts S.P., Trewartha G., Higgitt R.J. et al. The Physical Demands of Elite English Rugby Union. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2008, vol. 26, pp. 825–833. DOI: 10.1080/02640410801942122
15. Smart D., Hopkins W.G., Quarrie K.L. et al. The Relationship between Physical Fitness and Game Behaviours in Rugby Union Players. European Journal of Sport Science, 2014, vol. 14, pp. 8–17. DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.635812
16. Stark T., Walker B., Phillips J.K. et al. Hand-held Dynamometry Correlation With the Gold Standard Isokinetic Dynamometry: A Systematic Review. PM&R, 2011, vol. 3 (5), pp. 272–279. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.10.025
17. Tarabrina N.Y., Kraev Y.V., Tikhonov A.I. Physiological Substantiation and Practical Implementation of Methods of Development of Strength-Building Component of Endurance Training for Wrestlers. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 2020, no. 4, pp. 14–16. (in Russ.)
18. Tarabrina N.Yu., Ibragimov M.D. Characteristics of the Power Capabilities and Special Endurance of Rugby Players of Various Playing Roles. Actual Problems of Training Highly Quali-fied Athletes in Team and Game Sports: Proceedings of All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation, 2017, pp. 101–107. (in Russ.)
2. The movement characteristics of English Premiership rugby union players / N. Cahill, K. Lamb, P. Worsfold et al. // Journal of Sports Sciences. – 2013. – Vol. 31. – С. 229–237. DOI: 10.1080/ 02640414.2012.727456
3. Coldwells, A. Sources of variation in back and leg dynamometry / A. Coldwells, G. Atkinson, T. Reilly // Ergonomics. – 2007. – Vol. 37 (1). – P. 79–86. DOI: 10.1080/00140139408963625
4. Cruz-Ferreira, A.M. Anthropometric and physiological profile of Portuguese rugby players – Part I: Comparison between athletes of different position groups / A.M. Cruz-Ferreira, C.A. Ribeiro // Revista Brasileira De Medicina Do Esporte. – 2013. – Vol. 19. – P. 48–51.
5. An Evaluation of the Physiological Demands of Elite Rugby Union Using Global Positioning System Tracking Software / B. Cunniffe, W. Proctor, J.S. Baker et al. // Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. – 2009. – Vol. 23. – P. 1195–1203. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a3928b
6. Deutsch, M.U. Time – motion analysis of professional rugby union players during match-play / M.U. Deutsch, G.A. Kearney, N.J. Rehrer // Journal of Sports Sciences. – 2007. – Vol. 25. – P. 461–472. DOI: 10.1080/02640410600631298
7. Duthie, G. Applied Physiology and Game Analysis of Rugby Union / G. Duthie, D. Pyne, S. Hooper // Sports Medicine. – 2003. – Vol. 33. – P. 973–991. DOI: 200310.2165/00007256-200333130-00003
8. The exploration of aerobic power and energy expenditure of Chinese rugby players / T. Fu, Y.W. Yang, P. Wu et al. // Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology. – 2019. – Vol. 35 (3). – P. 215–218. DOI: 10.12047/j.cjap.5760.2019.046
9. Кобзарь, А.И. Прикладная математическая статистика / А.И. Кобзарь. – М.: ФИЗМАТЛИТ, 2012. – 816 с.
10. Physical Differences Between Forwards and Backs in American Collegiate Rugby Players / M.B. La Monica, D.H. Fukuda, A.A. Miramonti et al. // Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. – 2016. – Vol. 30 (9). – P. 2382–2391. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001388
11. Miller, T. Conditioning Association. NSCA's Guide to Tests and Assessments / T. Miller. – Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2012. – 368 c.
12. Polevoy, G.G. Complex control of coordination and speed-power abilities in fire-applied sports / G.G. Polevoy, I.V. Strelnikowa // Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports. – 2020. – Vol. 24, No. 6. – P. 310–315. DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2020.0606
13. Ramsbottom, R. A progressive shuttle run test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake / R. Ramsbottom, T. Brewer, C. Williams // British Journal of Sports Medicine. – 1988. – Vol. 22 (4). – P. 141–144. DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.22.4.141
14. The physical demands of elite English rugby union / S.P. Roberts, G. Trewartha, R.J. Higgitt et al. // Journal of Sports Sciences. – 2008. – Vol. 26. – P. 825–833. DOI: 10.1080/02640410801942122
15. The relationship between physical fitness and game behaviours in rugby union players / D. Smart, W.G. Hopkins, K.L. Quarrie et al. // European Journal of Sport Science. – 2014. – Vol. 14. – P. 8–17. DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.635812
16. Hand-held Dynamometry Correlation With the Gold Standard Isokinetic Dynamometry: A Systematic Review / T. Stark, B. Walker, J.K. Phillips et al. // PM&R. – 2011. – Vol. 3 (5). – P. 272–279. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.10.025
17. Тарабрина, Н.Ю. Физиологическое обоснование и практическая реализация методов развития силового компонента тренировки выносливости борцов / Н.Ю. Тарабрина, Ю.В. Краев, А.И. Тихонов // Теория и практика физ. культуры. – 2020. – № 4. – С. 14–16.
18. Тарабрина, Н.Ю. Характеристика силовых возможностей и специальной выносливости регбистов различных игровых амплуа / Н.Ю. Тарабрина, М.Д. Ибрагимов // Актуальные проблемы подготовки спортсменов высокой квалификации в командно-игровых видах спорта: материалы Всерос. науч.-практ. конф. с междунар. участием, 2017. – С. 101–107.
References
1. Barr M.J., Sheppard J.M., Gabbett T.J. et al. Long-Term Training-Induced Changes in Sprinting Speed and Sprint Momentum in Elite Rugby Union Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2014, vol. 28, pp. 2724–2731. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.00000000000003642. Cahill N., Lamb K., Worsfold P. et al. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2013, vol. 31, pp. 229–237. DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2012.727456
3. Coldwells A., Atkinson G., Reilly T. Sources of Variation in Back and Leg Dynamometry. Ergonomics, 2007, vol. 37 (1), pp. 79–86. DOI: 10.1080/00140139408963625
4. Cruz-Ferreira A.M, Ribeiro C.A. Anthropometric and Physiological Profile of Portuguese Rugby Players – Part I: Comparison between Athletes of Different Position Groups. Revista Brasileira De Medicina Do Esporte, 2013, vol. 19, pp. 48–51. DOI: 10.1590/S1517-86922013000100010
5. Cunniffe B., Proctor W., Baker J.S. et al. An Evaluation of the Physiological Demands of Elite Rugby Union Using Global Positioning System Tracking Software. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2009, vol. 23, pp. 1195–1203. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a3928b
6. Deutsch M.U., Kearney G.A., Rehrer N.J. Time – Motion Analysis of Professional Rugby Union Players During Match-Play. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2007, vol. 25, pp. 461–472. DOI: 10.1080/ 02640410600631298
7. Duthie G., Pyne D., Hooper S. Applied Physiology and Game Analysis of Rugby Union. Sports Medicine, 2003, vol. 33, pp. 973–991. DOI: 200310.2165/00007256-200333130-00003
8. Fu T., Yang Y.W., Wu P. et al. The Exploration of Aerobic Power and Energy Expenditure of Chinese Rugby Players. Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology, 2019, vol. 35 (3), pp. 215–218. DOI: 10.12047/j.cjap.5760.2019.046
9. Kobzar A.I. Applied Mathematical Statistics FIZMATLIT. Moscow, 2012. 816 p. (in Russ.)
10. La Monica M.B., Fukuda D.H., Miramonti A.A. et al. Physical Differences Between Forwards and Backs in American Collegiate Rugby Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2016, vol. 30 (9), pp. 2382–2391. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001388
11. Miller T. Conditioning Association. NSCA's Guide to Tests and Assessments. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2012. 368 p.
12. Polevoy G.G., Strelnikowa I.V. Complex Control of Coordination and Speed-Power Abilities in Fire-Applied Sports. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 2020, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 310–315. DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2020.0606
13. Ramsbottom R., Brewer T., Williams C. A Progressive Shuttle Run Test to Estimate Maximal Oxygen Uptake. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 1988, vol. 22 (4), pp. 141–144. DOI: 10.1136/ bjsm.22.4.141
14. Roberts S.P., Trewartha G., Higgitt R.J. et al. The Physical Demands of Elite English Rugby Union. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2008, vol. 26, pp. 825–833. DOI: 10.1080/02640410801942122
15. Smart D., Hopkins W.G., Quarrie K.L. et al. The Relationship between Physical Fitness and Game Behaviours in Rugby Union Players. European Journal of Sport Science, 2014, vol. 14, pp. 8–17. DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.635812
16. Stark T., Walker B., Phillips J.K. et al. Hand-held Dynamometry Correlation With the Gold Standard Isokinetic Dynamometry: A Systematic Review. PM&R, 2011, vol. 3 (5), pp. 272–279. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.10.025
17. Tarabrina N.Y., Kraev Y.V., Tikhonov A.I. Physiological Substantiation and Practical Implementation of Methods of Development of Strength-Building Component of Endurance Training for Wrestlers. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 2020, no. 4, pp. 14–16. (in Russ.)
18. Tarabrina N.Yu., Ibragimov M.D. Characteristics of the Power Capabilities and Special Endurance of Rugby Players of Various Playing Roles. Actual Problems of Training Highly Quali-fied Athletes in Team and Game Sports: Proceedings of All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation, 2017, pp. 101–107. (in Russ.)
Опубликован
2022-08-29
Как цитировать
Тарабрина, Н., & Вильчевски, Т. (2022). ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СИЛОВОГО КОМПОНЕНТА СПЕЦИАЛЬНОЙ ВЫНОСЛИВОСТИ РЕГБИСТОВ. Человек. Спорт. Медицина, 22(2), 7-14. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm220201
Выпуск
Раздел
Физиология
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