СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ СПОРТИВНОГО ПИТАНИЯ (ОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯ)

Ключевые слова: профессиональный спорт, спортивное питание, тренировка, витамины, микроэлементы, диета

Аннотация

Цель статьи – изучить современные стратегии спортивного питания, являющегося ключевым компонентом в подготовке конкурентоспособного спортсмена. Материалы и методы. Был проведен анализ и обзор 30 статей, посвященных подбору спортивного питания и пищевых стратегий, которые могут варьировать в зависимости от вида спорта, целей деятельности, практических задач, индивидуальных предпочтений и потребностей. Особое внимание было уделено составу и персонификации спортивного питания. Результаты. Современные стратегии спортивного питания позволяют разработать диету, которая оптимально соответствует энергетическим затратам спортсмена, включает правильное распределение питательных веществ, способствует сохранению водного баланса в условиях различных по интенсивности тренировок. Консультации специалиста, подготовленного в вопросах спортивного питания, могут быть наиболее важным шагом в подготовке профессионального спортсмена. Выбор методов и стратегий спортивного питания зависит от конкретных целей и потребностей спортсмена. Заключение. Современные стратегии спортивного питания предполагают разработку индивидуальных программ сбалансированного питания для спортсменов в зависимости от индивидуальных особенностей, режима и графика тренировок, величины нагрузок, а также ознакомление с основными принципами спортивной диетологии тренеров и иных лиц, участвующих в процессе подготовки спортсменов.

Информация об авторах

О. К. Доронина , Российский университет дружбы народов, Москва, Россия

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии, Российский университет дружбы народов. Россия, 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6.

Е. Н. Кулага , Российский университет дружбы народов, Москва, Россия

Студент 1-го курса стоматологического факультета, Российский университет дружбы народов. Россия, 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6.

Литература

1. Aragon A.A., Schoenfeld B.J., Wildman R. et al. International Society Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Diets and Body Composition. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2017, vol. 14 (16). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0174-y
2. Areta J.L., Burke L.M., Camera D.M. et al. Reduced Resting Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis is Rescued by Res Stance Exercise and Protein Ingestion Following Short-Term Energy Deficit. American Journal Endocrinology Metab., 2014, vol. 306 (8), pp. 989–997. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00590.2013
3. Chew S.K., Maizura M., Hazwani A.Y. et al. The Effect of Formulated Natural Sport Drink Containing Sugarcane Juice, Calamansi Juice, and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on Athletic Gastrointestinal Tolerance. Sport Science Healthcare, 2020, vol. 16, pp. 523–530. DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00642-6
4. De Souza M.J., Koltun K.J., Williams N.I. The Role of Energy Availability in Reproductive Function in the Female Athlete Triad and Extension of its Effects to Men: An Initial Working Model of a Similar Syndrome in Male Athletes. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 125–137. DOI: 10.1007/ s40279-019-01217-3
5. Grout A., McClave S.A., Jampolis M.B. et al. Basic Principles of Sports Nutrition. Curr. Nutrition Rep., 2016, vol. 5, pp. 213–222. DOI: 10.1007/s13668-016-0177-3
6. Guest N.S., VanDusseldorp T.A., Nelson M.T. et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Caffeine and Exercise Performance. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2021, vol. 18 (1). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00383-4
7. Hangen J.P., Schroeder K. Sports Nutrition for the Young Female Athlete. Stein C., Ackerman K., Stracciolini A. (eds.) The Young Female Athlete. Contemporary Pediatric and Adolescent Sports Medicine, 2016, Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21632-4_2
8. Hawley J.A., Leckey J.J. Carbohydrate Dependence During Prolonged, Intense Endurance Exercise. Sports Medical, 2015, vol. 45 (1), pp. 5–12. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0400-1
9. Hull M.V., Jagim A.R., Oliver J.M. et al. Gender Differences and Access to a Sports Dietitian Influence Dietary Habits of Collegiate Athletes. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2016, vol. 13 (38). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-016-0149-4
10. Hull M.V., Neddo J., Jagim A.R. et al. Availability of a Sports Dietitian May Lead to Improved Performance and Recovery of NCAA Division I Baseball Athletes. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2017, vol. 14 (29). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0187-6
11. Jäger R., Mohr A.E., Carpenter K.C. et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2019, vol. 16 (62). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-019-0329-0
12. James L.J., Funnell M.P., James R.M. et al. Does Hypohydration Really Impair Endurance Performance? Methodological Considerations for Interpreting Hydration Research. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 103–114. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01188-5
13. Jeukendrup A., Carter J., Maughan R.J. Competition Fluid and Fuel. Burke L., Deakin V. (eds.) Clinical Sports Nutrition. 5th ed. North Ryde: McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd, 2015, pp. 377–419.
14. Joyner M.J. Genetic Approaches for Sports Performance: How Far Away Are We? Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 199–204. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01164-z
15. Kerksick C.M., Arent S., Schoenfeld B.J. et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Nutrient Timing. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2017, vol. 14 (33). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0189-4
16. Kerksick C.M., Wilborn C.D., Roberts M.D. et al. ISSN Exercise & Sports Nutrition Review Update: Research & Recommendations. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2018, vol. 15 (38). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0242-y
17. Lebrun C.M., Joyce S.M., Constantini N.W. Effects of Female Reproductive Hormones on Sports Performance. Hackney A., Constantini N. (eds.) Endocrinology of Physical Activity and Sport. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana, Cham., 2020. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-33376-8_16
18. Mohr A.E., Jäger R., Carpenter K.C. et al. The Athletic Gut Microbiota. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2020, vol. 17 (24). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00353-w
19. Mujika I., Sharma A.P., Stellingwerff T. Contemporary Periodization of Altitude Training for Elite Endurance Athletes: A Narrative Review. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 1651–1669. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01165-y
20. Pedlar C.R., Newell J., Lewis N.A. Blood Biomarker Profiling and Monitoring for High-Performance Physiology and Nutrition: Current Perspectives, Limitations and Recommendations. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 185–198. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01158-x
21. Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2020, vol. 17 (23). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00352-x
22. Robert-McComb J.J., Cisneros A. The Female Athletic Triad: Disordered Eating, Amenorrhea, and Osteoporosis. Robert-McComb J.J., Norman R.L., Zumwalt M. (eds.) The Active Female. Springer, New York, 2014. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8884-2_12
23. Sale C., Elliott-Sale K.J. Nutrition and Athlete Bone Health. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 139–151. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01161-2
24. Sim M., Garvican-Lewis L.A., Cox G.R. et al. Iron Considerations for the Athlete: a Narrative Review. European Journal Appl Physiology, 2019, vol. 119, pp. 1463–1478. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04157-y
25. Spriet L.L. Nutritional Support for Athletic Performance. Sports Medical, 2015, vol. 45, pp. 3–4. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0402-z
26. Spriet L.L. Recent Advances in Sports Nutrition. Sports Medical, 2014, vol. 44, pp. 3–4. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0170-1
27. Stellingwerff T., Peeling P., Garvican-Lewis L.A. et al. Nutrition and Altitude: Strategies to Enhance Adaptation, Improve Performance and Maintain Health: A Narrative Review. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 169–184. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01159-w
28. Thomas D.T., Erdman K.A., Burke L.M. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance. Journal Academic Nutrition Diet., 2016, vol. 116 (3), pp. 501–528. DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.006
29. Trakman G.L., Forsyth A., Hoye R. et al. The Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ): Development and Validation Using Classical Test Theory and Rasch Analysis. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2017, vol. 14 (26). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0182-y
30. Walsh N.P. Nutrition and Athlete Immune Health: New Perspectives on an Old Paradigm. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 153–168. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01160-3

References

1. Aragon A.A., Schoenfeld B.J., Wildman R. et al. International Society Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Diets and Body Composition. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2017, vol. 14 (16). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0174-y
2. Areta J.L., Burke L.M., Camera D.M. et al. Reduced Resting Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis is Rescued by Res Stance Exercise and Protein Ingestion Following Short-Term Energy Deficit. American Journal Endocrinology Metab., 2014, vol. 306 (8), pp. 989–997. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00590.2013
3. Chew S.K., Maizura M., Hazwani A.Y. et al. The Effect of Formulated Natural Sport Drink Containing Sugarcane Juice, Calamansi Juice, and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on Athletic Gastrointestinal Tolerance. Sport Science Healthcare, 2020, vol. 16, pp. 523–530. DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00642-6
4. De Souza M.J., Koltun K.J., Williams N.I. The Role of Energy Availability in Reproductive Function in the Female Athlete Triad and Extension of its Effects to Men: An Initial Working Model of a Similar Syndrome in Male Athletes. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 125–137. DOI: 10.1007/ s40279-019-01217-3
5. Grout A., McClave S.A., Jampolis M.B. et al. Basic Principles of Sports Nutrition. Curr. Nutrition Rep., 2016, vol. 5, pp. 213–222. DOI: 10.1007/s13668-016-0177-3
6. Guest N.S., VanDusseldorp T.A., Nelson M.T. et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Caffeine and Exercise Performance. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2021, vol. 18 (1). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00383-4
7. Hangen J.P., Schroeder K. Sports Nutrition for the Young Female Athlete. Stein C., Ackerman K., Stracciolini A. (eds.) The Young Female Athlete. Contemporary Pediatric and Adolescent Sports Medicine, 2016, Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21632-4_2
8. Hawley J.A., Leckey J.J. Carbohydrate Dependence During Prolonged, Intense Endurance Exercise. Sports Medical, 2015, vol. 45 (1), pp. 5–12. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0400-1
9. Hull M.V., Jagim A.R., Oliver J.M. et al. Gender Differences and Access to a Sports Dietitian Influence Dietary Habits of Collegiate Athletes. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2016, vol. 13 (38). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-016-0149-4
10. Hull M.V., Neddo J., Jagim A.R. et al. Availability of a Sports Dietitian May Lead to Improved Performance and Recovery of NCAA Division I Baseball Athletes. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2017, vol. 14 (29). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0187-6
11. Jäger R., Mohr A.E., Carpenter K.C. et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2019, vol. 16 (62). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-019-0329-0
12. James L.J., Funnell M.P., James R.M. et al. Does Hypohydration Really Impair Endurance Performance? Methodological Considerations for Interpreting Hydration Research. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 103–114. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01188-5
13. Jeukendrup A., Carter J., Maughan R.J. Competition Fluid and Fuel. Burke L., Deakin V. (eds.) Clinical Sports Nutrition. 5th ed. North Ryde: McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd, 2015, pp. 377–419.
14. Joyner M.J. Genetic Approaches for Sports Performance: How Far Away Are We? Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 199–204. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01164-z
15. Kerksick C.M., Arent S., Schoenfeld B.J. et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Nutrient Timing. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2017, vol. 14 (33). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0189-4
16. Kerksick C.M., Wilborn C.D., Roberts M.D. et al. ISSN Exercise & Sports Nutrition Review Update: Research & Recommendations. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2018, vol. 15 (38). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0242-y
17. Lebrun C.M., Joyce S.M., Constantini N.W. Effects of Female Reproductive Hormones on Sports Performance. Hackney A., Constantini N. (eds.) Endocrinology of Physical Activity and Sport. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana, Cham., 2020. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-33376-8_16
18. Mohr A.E., Jäger R., Carpenter K.C. et al. The Athletic Gut Microbiota. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2020, vol. 17 (24). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00353-w
19. Mujika I., Sharma A.P., Stellingwerff T. Contemporary Periodization of Altitude Training for Elite Endurance Athletes: A Narrative Review. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 1651–1669. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01165-y
20. Pedlar C.R., Newell J., Lewis N.A. Blood Biomarker Profiling and Monitoring for High-Performance Physiology and Nutrition: Current Perspectives, Limitations and Recommendations. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 185–198. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01158-x
21. Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2020, vol. 17 (23). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00352-x
22. Robert-McComb J.J., Cisneros A. The Female Athletic Triad: Disordered Eating, Amenorrhea, and Osteoporosis. Robert-McComb J.J., Norman R.L., Zumwalt M. (eds.) The Active Female. Springer, New York, 2014. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8884-2_12
23. Sale C., Elliott-Sale K.J. Nutrition and Athlete Bone Health. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 139–151. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01161-2
24. Sim M., Garvican-Lewis L.A., Cox G.R. et al. Iron Considerations for the Athlete: a Narrative Review. European Journal Appl Physiology, 2019, vol. 119, pp. 1463–1478. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04157-y
25. Spriet L.L. Nutritional Support for Athletic Performance. Sports Medical, 2015, vol. 45, pp. 3–4. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0402-z
26. Spriet L.L. Recent Advances in Sports Nutrition. Sports Medical, 2014, vol. 44, pp. 3–4. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0170-1
27. Stellingwerff T., Peeling P., Garvican-Lewis L.A. et al. Nutrition and Altitude: Strategies to Enhance Adaptation, Improve Performance and Maintain Health: A Narrative Review. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 169–184. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01159-w
28. Thomas D.T., Erdman K.A., Burke L.M. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance. Journal Academic Nutrition Diet., 2016, vol. 116 (3), pp. 501–528. DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.006
29. Trakman G.L., Forsyth A., Hoye R. et al. The Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ): Development and Validation Using Classical Test Theory and Rasch Analysis. Journal International Society Sports Nutrition, 2017, vol. 14 (26). DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0182-y
30. Walsh N.P. Nutrition and Athlete Immune Health: New Perspectives on an Old Paradigm. Sports Medical, 2019, vol. 49, pp. 153–168. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01160-3
Опубликован
2023-01-07
Как цитировать
Доронина, О., & Кулага, Е. (2023). СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ СПОРТИВНОГО ПИТАНИЯ (ОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯ). Человек. Спорт. Медицина, 22(S2), 131-138. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm22s217
Раздел
Спортивное питание