ОБРАЗНЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ МОТОРНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ И ИХ МОЗГОВЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ
Ключевые слова:
мозговые механизмы движений, произвольные движения, моторные репрезентации, образные процессы, мысленная тренировка, идеомоторная тренировка, образ тела, схема тела
Аннотация
Цель: изучение и анализ основных аспектов, связанных с организацией и реализацией движений, включая образные представления моторных актов. Методология исследования. Использован теоретический анализ научных публикаций отечественных и зарубежных авторов в области изучения мозговых механизмов организации движений и их образных представлений, начиная с конца XIX века и до сегодняшних дней. Результаты. На основе проведенного анализа показано, что мозговые механизмы организации движений и образных представлений действий являются сложными, комплексными, многоуровневыми процессами, участие в которых принимают множество структур центральной нервной системы. Заключение. Мозговым субстратом образных представлений является распределенная функциональная система, включающая комплекс мозговых структур: кору больших полушарий (в частности, моторные области, а также ассоциативные зоны коры – префронтальную и теменную кору), мозжечок, базальные ганглии, таламус и другие структуры. Также важная роль в образных представлениях движений отводится таламопариетальной и таламофронтальной системам.
Литература
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5. Bastian H.C. The “Muscular Sense”; its Nature and Cortical Localization. Brain, 1887, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–89. DOI: 10.1093/brain/10.1.1
6. Bernstein N. The Co-Ordination and Regulation of Movements. Oxford: Pergamon Pre, 1967.
7. Bisiach E., Luzzatti C. Unilateral Neglect of Representational Space. Cortex, 1978, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 129–133. DOI: 10.1016/S0010-9452(78)80016-1
8. Carpenter C.B. Principles of Mental Physiology. 4th ed. New York: Appleton, 1894.
9. Cushing H. A Note Upon the Faradic Stimulation of the Postcentral Gyrus in Conscious Patients. Brain, 1909, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 44–53. DOI: 10.1093/brain/32.1.44
10. Dvoretsky J. Psychology. 3rd ed. St. Paul: West Publishing. 1988.
11. Farah M.J., Soso M.J., Dasheiff R.M. Visual Angle of the Mind's Eye Before and After Unilateral Occipital Lobectomy. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1992, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 241. DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.18.1.241
12. Ferrier D. Experimental Researches in Cerebral Physiology and Pathology. British Medical Journal, 1873, vol. 1, no. 643, p. 457. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.643.457
13. Ferrier D. The Localization of Function in the Brain. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1874, vol. 22, no. 148–155, pp. 228–232. DOI: 10.1098/rspl.1873.0032
14. Foerster O. The Motor Cortex in Man in the Light of Hughlings Jackson's Doctrines. Brain, 1936, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 135–159. DOI: 10.1093/brain/59.2.135
15. Fritsch G. Uber Die Elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns. Arch, Anatomy Physiology Wiss. Med., 1870, vol. 37, pp. 300–332.
16. Grouios G. Mental Practice: A Review. Journal of Sport Behavior, 1992, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 42.
17. Head H. Aphasia and Kindred Disorders of Speech. Cambridge University Press, 2014.
18. Hecker J.E., Kaczor L.M. Application of Imagery Theory to Sport Psychology: Some Preliminary Findings. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1988, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 363–373. DOI: 10.1123/jsep.10.4.363
19. Jacobson E. Electrical Measurements of Neuromuscular States During Mental Activities: V. Variation of Specific Muscles Contracting During Imagination. American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content, 1931, vol. 96, no. 1, pp. 115–121. DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1931.96.1.115
20. Jeannerod M. The Origin of Voluntary Action. History of a Physiological Concept. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2006, vol. 329, no. 5–6, pp. 354–362. DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2006.03.017
21. Kleist K. Der Gang Und der Gegenwärtige Stand der Apraxieforschung. Ergebnisse der Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 1912, vol. 1, pp. 343–452.
22. Lewes G.H. The Motor Feelings and the Muscular Sense, 1879. DOI: 10.1093/brain/1.1.14
23. Liepmann H., Storch E. Der Mikroskopische Gehirnbefund bei dem Fall Gorstelle. European Neurology, 1902, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 115–120. DOI: 10.1159/000220967
24. Liepmann H. Das Krankheitsbild der Apraxie (Motorische Asymbolie): Auf grund eines falles von einseitiger apraxia. Monatschrift für Psychiatrie und Neurologie, 1900, vol. 8, pp. 15–44. DOI: 10.1159/000221489
25. Liepmann H. Über Störungen des Handelns bei Gehirnkranken. S. Karger, 1905.
26. Meltzoff A.N. Towards a Developmental Cognitive Science: The Implications of Cross-Modal Matching and Imitation for the Development of Representation and Memory in Infancy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1990. 608 p. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb48889.x
27. Tomasino B., Budai R., Mondani M. et al. Mental Rotation in a Patient with an Implanted Electrode Grid in the Motor Cortex. Neuroreport, 2005, vol. 16, no. 16, pp. 1795–1800. DOI: 10.1097/ 01.wnr.0000185957.65723.52
28. Dominey P., Decety J., Broussolle E. et al. Motor Imagery of a Lateralized Sequential Task is Asymmetrically Slowed in Hemi-Parkinson's Patients. Neuropsychologia, 1995, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 727–741. DOI: 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00008-Q
29. Mott F.W., Sherrington C.S. Experiments Upon the Influence of Sensory Nerves Upon Movement and Nutrition of the Limbs. Preliminary Communication. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1985, vol. 57, no. 340–346, pp. 481–488. DOI: 10.1098/rspl.1894.0179
30. Munzert J., Lorey B., Zentgraf K. Cognitive Motor Processes: the Role of Motor Imagery in the Study of Motor Representations. Brain Research Reviews, 2009, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 306–326. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.024
31. Paivio A. Coding Distinctions and Repetition Effects in Memory. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 1975, vol. 9, pp. 179–214. DOI: 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60271-6
32. Penfield W., Boldrey E. Somatic Motor and Sensory Representation in the Cerebral Cortex of Man as Studied by Electrical Stimulation. Brain, 1937, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 389–443. DOI: 10.1093/ brain/60.4.389
33. Sackett R.S. The Influence of Symbolic Rehearsal Upon the Retention of a Maze Habit. The Journal of General Psychology, 1934, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 376–398. DOI: 10.1080/00221309.1934. 9917742
34. Stippich C., Ochmann H., Sartor K. Somatotopic Mapping of the Human Primary Sensorimotor Cortex During Motor Imagery and Motor Execution by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Neuroscience Letters, 2002, vol. 331, no. 1, pp. 50–54. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00826-1
35. Young R.M. Mind, Brain, and Adaptation in the Nineteenth Century: Cerebral Localization and its Biological Context from Gall to Ferrier. Oxford University Press, USA, 1990, no. 3.
2. Каминский И.В., Веракса А.Н. Традиционные теории и современные взгляды на природу мысленного образа движения: применение в спортивной практике // Нац. психол. журнал. 2017. № 2 (26). С. 16–25. [Kaminskiy I.V., Veraksa A.N. [Traditional Theories and Modern Views on the Nature of the Mental Image of Movement. Application in Sports Practice]. Natsional’nyy psikhologicheskiy zhurnal [National Psychological Journal], 2017, no. 2 (26), pp. 16–25. (in Russ.)] DOI: 10.11621/ npj.2017.0203
3. Мачинская Р.И., Семенова О.А. Особенности формирования высших психических функций у младших школьников с различной степенью зрелости регуляторных систем мозга // Журнал эволюционной биохимии и физиологии. 2004. Т. 40, № 5. С. 427–435. [Machinskaya R.I., Semenova O.A. [Features of the Formation of Higher Mental Functions in Younger Schoolchildren with Different Degrees of Maturity of the Regulatory Systems of the Brain]. Zhurnal evolyutsionnoy biokhimii i fiziologii [Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology], 2004, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 427–435. (in Russ.)] DOI: 10.1007/s10893-005-0009-3
4. Веракса А.Н., Горовая А.Е., Грушко А.И., Леонов С.В. Мысленная тренировка в психологической подготовке спортсмена. М.: Спорт, 2016. 208 с. [Veraksa A.N., Gorovaya A.E., Grushko A.I., Leonov S.V. Myslennaya Trenirovka v Psikhologicheskoy Podgotovke Sportsmena [Mental Training in the Psychological Training of an Athlete]. Moscow, Sport Publ., 2016. 208 p.]
5. Bastian H.C. The “Muscular Sense”; its Nature and Cortical Localization. Brain, 1887, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–89. DOI: 10.1093/brain/10.1.1
6. Bernstein N. The Co-Ordination and Regulation of Movements. Oxford: Pergamon Pre, 1967.
7. Bisiach E., Luzzatti C. Unilateral Neglect of Representational Space. Cortex, 1978, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 129–133. DOI: 10.1016/S0010-9452(78)80016-1
8. Carpenter C.B. Principles of Mental Physiology. 4th ed. New York: Appleton, 1894.
9. Cushing H. A Note Upon the Faradic Stimulation of the Postcentral Gyrus in Conscious Patients. Brain, 1909, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 44–53. DOI: 10.1093/brain/32.1.44
10. Dvoretsky J. Psychology. 3rd ed. St. Paul: West Publishing. 1988.
11. Farah M.J., Soso M.J., Dasheiff R.M. Visual Angle of the Mind's Eye Before and After Unilateral Occipital Lobectomy. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1992, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 241. DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.18.1.241
12. Ferrier D. Experimental Researches in Cerebral Physiology and Pathology. British Medical Journal, 1873, vol. 1, no. 643, p. 457. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.643.457
13. Ferrier D. The Localization of Function in the Brain. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1874, vol. 22, no. 148–155, pp. 228–232. DOI: 10.1098/rspl.1873.0032
14. Foerster O. The Motor Cortex in Man in the Light of Hughlings Jackson's Doctrines. Brain, 1936, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 135–159. DOI: 10.1093/brain/59.2.135
15. Fritsch G. Uber Die Elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns. Arch, Anatomy Physiology Wiss. Med., 1870, vol. 37, pp. 300–332.
16. Grouios G. Mental Practice: A Review. Journal of Sport Behavior, 1992, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 42.
17. Head H. Aphasia and Kindred Disorders of Speech. Cambridge University Press, 2014.
18. Hecker J.E., Kaczor L.M. Application of Imagery Theory to Sport Psychology: Some Preliminary Findings. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1988, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 363–373. DOI: 10.1123/jsep.10.4.363
19. Jacobson E. Electrical Measurements of Neuromuscular States During Mental Activities: V. Variation of Specific Muscles Contracting During Imagination. American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content, 1931, vol. 96, no. 1, pp. 115–121. DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1931.96.1.115
20. Jeannerod M. The Origin of Voluntary Action. History of a Physiological Concept. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2006, vol. 329, no. 5–6, pp. 354–362. DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2006.03.017
21. Kleist K. Der Gang Und der Gegenwärtige Stand der Apraxieforschung. Ergebnisse der Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 1912, vol. 1, pp. 343–452.
22. Lewes G.H. The Motor Feelings and the Muscular Sense, 1879. DOI: 10.1093/brain/1.1.14
23. Liepmann H., Storch E. Der Mikroskopische Gehirnbefund bei dem Fall Gorstelle. European Neurology, 1902, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 115–120. DOI: 10.1159/000220967
24. Liepmann H. Das Krankheitsbild der Apraxie (Motorische Asymbolie): Auf grund eines falles von einseitiger apraxia. Monatschrift für Psychiatrie und Neurologie, 1900, vol. 8, pp. 15–44. DOI: 10.1159/000221489
25. Liepmann H. Über Störungen des Handelns bei Gehirnkranken. S. Karger, 1905.
26. Meltzoff A.N. Towards a Developmental Cognitive Science: The Implications of Cross-Modal Matching and Imitation for the Development of Representation and Memory in Infancy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1990. 608 p. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb48889.x
27. Tomasino B., Budai R., Mondani M. et al. Mental Rotation in a Patient with an Implanted Electrode Grid in the Motor Cortex. Neuroreport, 2005, vol. 16, no. 16, pp. 1795–1800. DOI: 10.1097/ 01.wnr.0000185957.65723.52
28. Dominey P., Decety J., Broussolle E. et al. Motor Imagery of a Lateralized Sequential Task is Asymmetrically Slowed in Hemi-Parkinson's Patients. Neuropsychologia, 1995, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 727–741. DOI: 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00008-Q
29. Mott F.W., Sherrington C.S. Experiments Upon the Influence of Sensory Nerves Upon Movement and Nutrition of the Limbs. Preliminary Communication. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1985, vol. 57, no. 340–346, pp. 481–488. DOI: 10.1098/rspl.1894.0179
30. Munzert J., Lorey B., Zentgraf K. Cognitive Motor Processes: the Role of Motor Imagery in the Study of Motor Representations. Brain Research Reviews, 2009, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 306–326. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.024
31. Paivio A. Coding Distinctions and Repetition Effects in Memory. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 1975, vol. 9, pp. 179–214. DOI: 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60271-6
32. Penfield W., Boldrey E. Somatic Motor and Sensory Representation in the Cerebral Cortex of Man as Studied by Electrical Stimulation. Brain, 1937, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 389–443. DOI: 10.1093/ brain/60.4.389
33. Sackett R.S. The Influence of Symbolic Rehearsal Upon the Retention of a Maze Habit. The Journal of General Psychology, 1934, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 376–398. DOI: 10.1080/00221309.1934. 9917742
34. Stippich C., Ochmann H., Sartor K. Somatotopic Mapping of the Human Primary Sensorimotor Cortex During Motor Imagery and Motor Execution by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Neuroscience Letters, 2002, vol. 331, no. 1, pp. 50–54. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00826-1
35. Young R.M. Mind, Brain, and Adaptation in the Nineteenth Century: Cerebral Localization and its Biological Context from Gall to Ferrier. Oxford University Press, USA, 1990, no. 3.
2. Каминский И.В., Веракса А.Н. Традиционные теории и современные взгляды на природу мысленного образа движения: применение в спортивной практике // Нац. психол. журнал. 2017. № 2 (26). С. 16–25. [Kaminskiy I.V., Veraksa A.N. [Traditional Theories and Modern Views on the Nature of the Mental Image of Movement. Application in Sports Practice]. Natsional’nyy psikhologicheskiy zhurnal [National Psychological Journal], 2017, no. 2 (26), pp. 16–25. (in Russ.)] DOI: 10.11621/ npj.2017.0203
3. Мачинская Р.И., Семенова О.А. Особенности формирования высших психических функций у младших школьников с различной степенью зрелости регуляторных систем мозга // Журнал эволюционной биохимии и физиологии. 2004. Т. 40, № 5. С. 427–435. [Machinskaya R.I., Semenova O.A. [Features of the Formation of Higher Mental Functions in Younger Schoolchildren with Different Degrees of Maturity of the Regulatory Systems of the Brain]. Zhurnal evolyutsionnoy biokhimii i fiziologii [Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology], 2004, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 427–435. (in Russ.)] DOI: 10.1007/s10893-005-0009-3
4. Веракса А.Н., Горовая А.Е., Грушко А.И., Леонов С.В. Мысленная тренировка в психологической подготовке спортсмена. М.: Спорт, 2016. 208 с. [Veraksa A.N., Gorovaya A.E., Grushko A.I., Leonov S.V. Myslennaya Trenirovka v Psikhologicheskoy Podgotovke Sportsmena [Mental Training in the Psychological Training of an Athlete]. Moscow, Sport Publ., 2016. 208 p.]
5. Bastian H.C. The “Muscular Sense”; its Nature and Cortical Localization. Brain, 1887, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–89. DOI: 10.1093/brain/10.1.1
6. Bernstein N. The Co-Ordination and Regulation of Movements. Oxford: Pergamon Pre, 1967.
7. Bisiach E., Luzzatti C. Unilateral Neglect of Representational Space. Cortex, 1978, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 129–133. DOI: 10.1016/S0010-9452(78)80016-1
8. Carpenter C.B. Principles of Mental Physiology. 4th ed. New York: Appleton, 1894.
9. Cushing H. A Note Upon the Faradic Stimulation of the Postcentral Gyrus in Conscious Patients. Brain, 1909, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 44–53. DOI: 10.1093/brain/32.1.44
10. Dvoretsky J. Psychology. 3rd ed. St. Paul: West Publishing. 1988.
11. Farah M.J., Soso M.J., Dasheiff R.M. Visual Angle of the Mind's Eye Before and After Unilateral Occipital Lobectomy. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1992, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 241. DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.18.1.241
12. Ferrier D. Experimental Researches in Cerebral Physiology and Pathology. British Medical Journal, 1873, vol. 1, no. 643, p. 457. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.643.457
13. Ferrier D. The Localization of Function in the Brain. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1874, vol. 22, no. 148–155, pp. 228–232. DOI: 10.1098/rspl.1873.0032
14. Foerster O. The Motor Cortex in Man in the Light of Hughlings Jackson's Doctrines. Brain, 1936, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 135–159. DOI: 10.1093/brain/59.2.135
15. Fritsch G. Uber Die Elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns. Arch, Anatomy Physiology Wiss. Med., 1870, vol. 37, pp. 300–332.
16. Grouios G. Mental Practice: A Review. Journal of Sport Behavior, 1992, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 42.
17. Head H. Aphasia and Kindred Disorders of Speech. Cambridge University Press, 2014.
18. Hecker J.E., Kaczor L.M. Application of Imagery Theory to Sport Psychology: Some Preliminary Findings. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1988, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 363–373. DOI: 10.1123/jsep.10.4.363
19. Jacobson E. Electrical Measurements of Neuromuscular States During Mental Activities: V. Variation of Specific Muscles Contracting During Imagination. American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content, 1931, vol. 96, no. 1, pp. 115–121. DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1931.96.1.115
20. Jeannerod M. The Origin of Voluntary Action. History of a Physiological Concept. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2006, vol. 329, no. 5–6, pp. 354–362. DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2006.03.017
21. Kleist K. Der Gang Und der Gegenwärtige Stand der Apraxieforschung. Ergebnisse der Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 1912, vol. 1, pp. 343–452.
22. Lewes G.H. The Motor Feelings and the Muscular Sense, 1879. DOI: 10.1093/brain/1.1.14
23. Liepmann H., Storch E. Der Mikroskopische Gehirnbefund bei dem Fall Gorstelle. European Neurology, 1902, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 115–120. DOI: 10.1159/000220967
24. Liepmann H. Das Krankheitsbild der Apraxie (Motorische Asymbolie): Auf grund eines falles von einseitiger apraxia. Monatschrift für Psychiatrie und Neurologie, 1900, vol. 8, pp. 15–44. DOI: 10.1159/000221489
25. Liepmann H. Über Störungen des Handelns bei Gehirnkranken. S. Karger, 1905.
26. Meltzoff A.N. Towards a Developmental Cognitive Science: The Implications of Cross-Modal Matching and Imitation for the Development of Representation and Memory in Infancy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1990. 608 p. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb48889.x
27. Tomasino B., Budai R., Mondani M. et al. Mental Rotation in a Patient with an Implanted Electrode Grid in the Motor Cortex. Neuroreport, 2005, vol. 16, no. 16, pp. 1795–1800. DOI: 10.1097/ 01.wnr.0000185957.65723.52
28. Dominey P., Decety J., Broussolle E. et al. Motor Imagery of a Lateralized Sequential Task is Asymmetrically Slowed in Hemi-Parkinson's Patients. Neuropsychologia, 1995, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 727–741. DOI: 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00008-Q
29. Mott F.W., Sherrington C.S. Experiments Upon the Influence of Sensory Nerves Upon Movement and Nutrition of the Limbs. Preliminary Communication. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1985, vol. 57, no. 340–346, pp. 481–488. DOI: 10.1098/rspl.1894.0179
30. Munzert J., Lorey B., Zentgraf K. Cognitive Motor Processes: the Role of Motor Imagery in the Study of Motor Representations. Brain Research Reviews, 2009, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 306–326. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.024
31. Paivio A. Coding Distinctions and Repetition Effects in Memory. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 1975, vol. 9, pp. 179–214. DOI: 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60271-6
32. Penfield W., Boldrey E. Somatic Motor and Sensory Representation in the Cerebral Cortex of Man as Studied by Electrical Stimulation. Brain, 1937, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 389–443. DOI: 10.1093/ brain/60.4.389
33. Sackett R.S. The Influence of Symbolic Rehearsal Upon the Retention of a Maze Habit. The Journal of General Psychology, 1934, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 376–398. DOI: 10.1080/00221309.1934. 9917742
34. Stippich C., Ochmann H., Sartor K. Somatotopic Mapping of the Human Primary Sensorimotor Cortex During Motor Imagery and Motor Execution by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Neuroscience Letters, 2002, vol. 331, no. 1, pp. 50–54. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00826-1
35. Young R.M. Mind, Brain, and Adaptation in the Nineteenth Century: Cerebral Localization and its Biological Context from Gall to Ferrier. Oxford University Press, USA, 1990, no. 3.
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Опубликован
2023-09-21
Как цитировать
Поликанова, И., & Леонов, С. (2023). ОБРАЗНЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ МОТОРНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ И ИХ МОЗГОВЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ. Человек. Спорт. Медицина, 23(2), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm230202
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Физиология
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