ВЛИЯНИЕ ТРАВМЫ ПЕРЕДНЕЙ КРЕСТООБРАЗНОЙ СВЯЗКИ НА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТЬ ИГРОКОВ НБА ПОСЛЕ ВОЗВРАЩЕНИЯ В СПОРТ
Аннотация
Цель: изучить, влияет ли реконструкция передней крестообразной связки (ПКС) на результативность игроков Национальной баскетбольной ассоциации (НБА) после восстановления и возвращения в большой спорт. Материалы и методы. Проведен количественный анализ ретроспективных данных результативности игроков НБА и полученных ими травм. Для анализа использовали данные за 44 последовательных сезона НБА (сезоны с 1976/1977 по 2019/2020 гг.). В исследование вошли данные всех игроков НБА мужского пола, получивших травму ПКС с последующей ее реконструкцией и возвращением в НБА в течение своей карьеры (n = 71). В ходе анализа учитывали возраст игроков на момент травмы, игровую позицию, количество сезонов до и после травмы, количество сыгранных игр за сезон, очки за игру, подборы за игру и передачи за игру. Результаты. На основании полученных данных установили, что игроки отыграли около 4 сезонов до травмы ПКС и около 5 сезонов после травмы. После реконструкции ПКС у разыгрывающих защитников обнаружили значимое снижение минут, сыгранных за игру (p = 0,04). Снижение количества игр, а также минут, сыгранных за игру, обнаружили у легких форвардов (p = 0,03). В среднем, тяжелые форварды играли меньше сезонов до травмы, чем после травмы (3,5 сезона до и 6,2 сезона после травмы,
p < 0,05). По результатам оценки количества игр за сезон и минут за игру у центровых игроков до и после травмы ПКС статически значимых различий не обнаружили. В результате одномерного дисперсионного анализа данных всей выборки установили общую разницу в результативности игры в 27,3 %. Заключение. С учетом снижения абсолютных значений нескольких переменных, связанных с игровой результативностью, сформулирован вывод об однозначности влияния реконструкции ПКС на игровую результативность.
Литература
2. Andreoli C.V., Chiaramonti B.C., Biruel E. et al. Epidemiology of Sports Injuries in Basketball: Integrative Systematic Review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 2018, vol. 4 (1), e000468. DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000468
3. Ben Abdelkrim N., Castagna C., El Fazaa S., El Ati J. The Effect of Players’ Standard and Tactical Strategy on Game Demands in Men’s Basketball. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2010, vol. 24 (10), pp. 2652–2662. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e2e0a3
4. Bishop D.C., Wright C. A Time-motion Analysis of Professional Basketball to Determine the Relationship between Three Activity Profiles: High, Nedium and Low Intensity and the Length of the Time Spent on Court. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 2006, vol. 6 (1), pp. 130–139. DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2006.11868361
5. Busfield B.T., Kharrazi F.D., Starkey C. et al. Performance Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the National Basketball Association. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association, 2009, vol. 25 (8), pp. 825–830. DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2009.02.021
6. Deitch J.R., Starkey C., Walters S.L., Moseley J.B. Injury Risk in Professional Basketball Players: A Comparison of Women’s National Basketball Association and National Basketball Association athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2006, vol. 34 (7), pp. 1077–1083. DOI: 10.1177/0363546505285383
7. Drakos M.C., Domb B., Starkey C. et al. Injury in the National Basketball Association: A 17-Year Overview. Sports Health, 2010, vol. 2 (4), pp. 284–290. DOI: 10.1177/1941738109357303
8. Harris J.D., Erickson B.J., Bach B.R. et al. Return-to-Sport and Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in National Basketball Association Players. Sports Health, 2013, vol. 5 (6), pp. 562–568. DOI: 10.1177/1941738113495788
9. Kester B.S., Behery O.A., Minhas S.V., Hsu W.K. Athletic Performance and Career Longevity Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the National Basketball Association. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 2017, vol. 25 (10), pp. 3031–3037. DOI: 10.1007/s00167-016-4060-y
10. Mack C.D., Meisel P., Herzog M.M. et al. The Establishment and Refinement of the National Basketball Association Player Injury and Illness Database. Journal of Athletic Training, 2019, vol. 54 (5), pp. 466–471. DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-18-19
11. McInnes S.E., Carlson J.S., Jones C.J., McKenna M.J. The Physiological Load Imposed on Basketball Players During Competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 1995, vol. 13 (5), pp. 387–397. DOI: 10.1080/02640419508732254
12. Nwachukwu B.U., Anthony S.G., Lin K.M. et al. Return to Play and Performance after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the National Basketball Association: Surgeon Case Series and Literature Review. The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2017, vol. 45 (3), pp. 303–308. DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2017.1325313
13. Official NBA Stats | Stats | NBA.com. (n.d.). Retrieved March 29, 2023, from https://www.nba.com/stats
14. Ostojic S.M., Mazic S., Dikic N. Profiling in Basketball: Physical and Physiological Characteristics of Elite Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2006, vol. 20 (4), pp. 740–744. DOI: 10.1519/R-15944.1
15. Petway A.J., Freitas T.T., Calleja-González J. et al. Training Load and Match-play Demands in Basketball Based on Competition Level: A Systematic Review. PLOS ONE, 2020, vol. 15 (3), e0229212. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229212
16. Prodromos C.C., Han Y., Rogowski J. et al. A Meta-analysis of the Incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears as a Function of Gender, Sport, and a Knee Injury-reduction Regimen. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication of the Arthros-copy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association, 2007, vol. 23 (12), pp. 1320–1325. DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2007.07.003
17. Rangel W., Ugrinowitsch C., Lamas L. Basketball Players’ Versatility: Assessing the Diversity of Tactical Roles. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 2019, vol. 14 (4), pp. 552–561. DOI: 10.1177/1747954119859683
18. Ranisavljev I., Mandic R., Cosic M. et al. NBA Pre-Draft Combine is the Weak Predictor of Rookie Basketball Player’s Performance. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2021, vol. 16 (3), pp. 493–502. DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2021.163.02
19. Scanlan A.T., Dascombe B.J., Reaburn P., Dalbo V.J. The Physiological and Activity Demands Experienced by Australian Female Basketball Players During Competition. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2012, vol. 15 (4), pp. 341–347. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.12.008
20. Starkey C. Injuries and Illnesses in the National Basketball Association: A 10-year Perspective. Journal of Athletic Training, 2000, vol. 35 (2), pp. 161–167.
21. Stojanović E., Faude O., Nikić M. et al. The Incidence Rate of ACL Injuries and Ankle Sprains in Basketball Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2023, vol. 33 (6), pp. 790–813. DOI: 10.1111/sms.14328
22. Stojanović E., Stojiljković N., Scanlan A.T. et al. The Activity Demands and Physiological Responses Encountered During Basketball Match-Play: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 2018, vol. 48 (1), pp. 111–135. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-017-0794-z
23. Teramoto M., Cross C.L., Rieger R.H. et al. Predictive Validity of National Basketball Association Draft Combine on Future Performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Re-search, 2018, vol. 32 (2), p. 396. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001798
24. Vaquera A., Santiago S., Gerardo V.J. et al. Anthropometric Characteristics of Spanish Professional Basketball Players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 2015, vol. 46, pp. 99–106. DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0038
25. Vaudreuil N.J., van Eck C.F., Lombardo S.J., Kharrazi F.D. Economic and Performance Impact of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in National Basketball Association Players. Ortho-paedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 2021, vol. 9 (9), 23259671211026616. DOI: 10.1177/23259671211026617
26. Watartu O., Tomoyasu O. A Cross-sectional Comparative Study of Movement Distances and Speed of the Players and a Ball in Basketball Game. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2008, vol. 6, pp. 203–212. DOI: 10.5432/ijshs.ijshs20080336
27. Wilk K.E., Arrigo C.A. Rehabilitation Principles of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Knee: Twelve Steps for Successful Progression and Return to Play. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 2017, vol. 36 (1), pp. 189–232. DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2016.08.012
28. Zarić I., Dopsaj M., Marković M. Match Performance in Young Female Basketball Players: Relationship with Laboratory and Field Tests. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 2018, vol. 18 (1), pp. 90–103. DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2018.1452109
29. Zarić I., Kukić F., Jovićević N. et al. Body Height of Elite Basketball Players: Do Taller Basketball Teams Rank Better at the FIBA World Cup? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020, vol. 17 (9), art. 9. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093141
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4. Bishop D.C., Wright C. A Time-motion Analysis of Professional Basketball to Determine the Relationship between Three Activity Profiles: High, Nedium and Low Intensity and the Length of the Time Spent on Court. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 2006, vol. 6 (1), pp. 130–139. DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2006.11868361
5. Busfield B.T., Kharrazi F.D., Starkey C. et al. Performance Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the National Basketball Association. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association, 2009, vol. 25 (8), pp. 825–830. DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2009.02.021
6. Deitch J.R., Starkey C., Walters S.L., Moseley J.B. Injury Risk in Professional Basketball Players: A Comparison of Women’s National Basketball Association and National Basketball Association athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2006, vol. 34 (7), pp. 1077–1083. DOI: 10.1177/0363546505285383
7. Drakos M.C., Domb B., Starkey C. et al. Injury in the National Basketball Association: A 17-Year Overview. Sports Health, 2010, vol. 2 (4), pp. 284–290. DOI: 10.1177/1941738109357303
8. Harris J.D., Erickson B.J., Bach B.R. et al. Return-to-Sport and Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in National Basketball Association Players. Sports Health, 2013, vol. 5 (6), pp. 562–568. DOI: 10.1177/1941738113495788
9. Kester B.S., Behery O.A., Minhas S.V., Hsu W.K. Athletic Performance and Career Longevity Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the National Basketball Association. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 2017, vol. 25 (10), pp. 3031–3037. DOI: 10.1007/s00167-016-4060-y
10. Mack C.D., Meisel P., Herzog M.M. et al. The Establishment and Refinement of the National Basketball Association Player Injury and Illness Database. Journal of Athletic Training, 2019, vol. 54 (5), pp. 466–471. DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-18-19
11. McInnes S.E., Carlson J.S., Jones C.J., McKenna M.J. The Physiological Load Imposed on Basketball Players During Competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 1995, vol. 13 (5), pp. 387–397. DOI: 10.1080/02640419508732254
12. Nwachukwu B.U., Anthony S.G., Lin K.M. et al. Return to Play and Performance after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the National Basketball Association: Surgeon Case Series and Literature Review. The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2017, vol. 45 (3), pp. 303–308. DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2017.1325313
13. Official NBA Stats | Stats | NBA.com. (n.d.). Retrieved March 29, 2023, from https://www.nba.com/stats
14. Ostojic S.M., Mazic S., Dikic N. Profiling in Basketball: Physical and Physiological Characteristics of Elite Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2006, vol. 20 (4), pp. 740–744. DOI: 10.1519/R-15944.1
15. Petway A.J., Freitas T.T., Calleja-González J. et al. Training Load and Match-play Demands in Basketball Based on Competition Level: A Systematic Review. PLOS ONE, 2020, vol. 15 (3), e0229212. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229212
16. Prodromos C.C., Han Y., Rogowski J. et al. A Meta-analysis of the Incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears as a Function of Gender, Sport, and a Knee Injury-reduction Regimen. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication of the Arthros-copy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association, 2007, vol. 23 (12), pp. 1320–1325. DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2007.07.003
17. Rangel W., Ugrinowitsch C., Lamas L. Basketball Players’ Versatility: Assessing the Diversity of Tactical Roles. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 2019, vol. 14 (4), pp. 552–561. DOI: 10.1177/1747954119859683
18. Ranisavljev I., Mandic R., Cosic M. et al. NBA Pre-Draft Combine is the Weak Predictor of Rookie Basketball Player’s Performance. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2021, vol. 16 (3), pp. 493–502. DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2021.163.02
19. Scanlan A.T., Dascombe B.J., Reaburn P., Dalbo V.J. The Physiological and Activity Demands Experienced by Australian Female Basketball Players During Competition. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2012, vol. 15 (4), pp. 341–347. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.12.008
20. Starkey C. Injuries and Illnesses in the National Basketball Association: A 10-year Perspective. Journal of Athletic Training, 2000, vol. 35 (2), pp. 161–167.
21. Stojanović E., Faude O., Nikić M. et al. The Incidence Rate of ACL Injuries and Ankle Sprains in Basketball Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2023, vol. 33 (6), pp. 790–813. DOI: 10.1111/sms.14328
22. Stojanović E., Stojiljković N., Scanlan A.T. et al. The Activity Demands and Physiological Responses Encountered During Basketball Match-Play: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 2018, vol. 48 (1), pp. 111–135. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-017-0794-z
23. Teramoto M., Cross C.L., Rieger R.H. et al. Predictive Validity of National Basketball Association Draft Combine on Future Performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Re-search, 2018, vol. 32 (2), p. 396. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001798
24. Vaquera A., Santiago S., Gerardo V.J. et al. Anthropometric Characteristics of Spanish Professional Basketball Players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 2015, vol. 46, pp. 99–106. DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0038
25. Vaudreuil N.J., van Eck C.F., Lombardo S.J., Kharrazi F.D. Economic and Performance Impact of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in National Basketball Association Players. Ortho-paedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 2021, vol. 9 (9), 23259671211026616. DOI: 10.1177/23259671211026617
26. Watartu O., Tomoyasu O. A Cross-sectional Comparative Study of Movement Distances and Speed of the Players and a Ball in Basketball Game. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2008, vol. 6, pp. 203–212. DOI: 10.5432/ijshs.ijshs20080336
27. Wilk K.E., Arrigo C.A. Rehabilitation Principles of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Knee: Twelve Steps for Successful Progression and Return to Play. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 2017, vol. 36 (1), pp. 189–232. DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2016.08.012
28. Zarić I., Dopsaj M., Marković M. Match Performance in Young Female Basketball Players: Relationship with Laboratory and Field Tests. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 2018, vol. 18 (1), pp. 90–103. DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2018.1452109
29. Zarić I., Kukić F., Jovićević N. et al. Body Height of Elite Basketball Players: Do Taller Basketball Teams Rank Better at the FIBA World Cup? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020, vol. 17 (9), art. 9. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093141
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