ВЛИЯНИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИЙ ВОЗ НА УРОВЕНЬ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ОФИСНЫХ СОТРУДНИКОВ В КИТАЕ
Ключевые слова:
физическая активность, международные рекомендации ВОЗ по здоровому образу жизни, офисные работники, социально-демографические характеристики
Аннотация
Цель: определить взаимосвязь между знаниями рекомендаций ВОЗ и уровнем физической активности среди офисных сотрудников Китая с учетом их социально-демографических характеристик. Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовали 493 офисных сотрудника Китая в возрасте от 20 до 60 лет. В ходе исследования использовались: 1) социально-демографическая анкета, которая включала данные относительно возраста, пола, роста, веса, уровня образования, ежемесячного дохода, семейного положения и состояния здоровья; 2) опросник, направленный на осведомленность респондентов о рекомендациях ВОЗ по оптимальному уровню физической активности; 3) международный опросник физической активности (GPAQ). Для анализа данных использовались критерий Хи-квадрат, t-критерий и множественный логистический регрессионный анализ. Результаты. 190 офисных служащих (38,5 % от общей выборки) указали, что они осведомлены о рекомендациях ВОЗ по физической активности. Выявлено, что на уровень знаний рекомендаций по физической активности влияют социально-демографические характеристики офисных работников: семейное положение, состояние здоровья, ежемесячный заработок, образование. Подтвердилась положительная взаимосвязь между знанием рекомендаций и более высоким уровнем физической активности среди офисных работников Китая. Заключение. Социально-демографические характеристики являются значимым предиктом информированности о рекомендациях ВОЗ и их выполнении. Требуется дальнейшая работа по распространению информации, направленной на повышение физической активности среди офисных служащих.
Литература
1. Chen C., Dieterich A.V., Koh J.J.E. et al. The Physical Activity at Work (PAW) Study Protocol: a Cluster Randomised Trial of a Multicomponent Short-break Intervention to Reduce Sitting Time and Increase Physical Activity Among Office Workers in Thailand. BMC Public Health, 2020, vol. 20:1332, p. 14. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09427-5
2. Jalal S.M., Beth M.R.M., Al-Hassan H.J.M., Alshealah N.M.J. Body Mass Index, Practice of Physical Activity and Lifestyle of Students During COVID-19 Lockdown. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2021, pp. 1901–1910. DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S325269
3. Larisch L.M., Blom V., Hagströmer M. et al. Improving Movement Behavior in Office Workers: Effects of Two Multilevel Cluster-RCT Interventions on Mental Health. BMC Public Health, 2024, vol. 24 (1):127, p. 14. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17647-2
4. Leman M.A., Claramita M., Rahayu G.R. Predicting Factors on Modeling Health Behavior: a Systematic Review. American Journal of Health Behavior, 2021, vol. 45 (2), pp. 268–278. DOI: 10.5993/ AJHB.45.2.7
5. Magkos F., Hjorth M.F., Astrup A. Diet and Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2020, vol. 16 (10), pp. 545–555. DOI: 10.1038/ s41574-020-0381-5
6. Maugeri G., Castrogiovanni P., Battaglia G. et al. The Impact of Physical Activity on Psychological Health During Covid-19 Pandemic in Italy. Heliyon, 2020, vol. 6 (6), p. 18. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e0431
7. Michie S., Abraham C., Whittington C. et al. Effective Techniques in Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Interventions: a Meta-regression. Health Psychology, 2009, vol. 28 (6), pp. 690–701. DOI: 10.1037/a0016136.0
8. Nguyen T.M., Nguyen V.H., Kim J.H. Physical Exercise and Health-related Quality of Life in Office Workers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, vol. 18:3791, p. 27. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073791
9. Pezeshki S.I., Baptista J.S., Guedes J.C. Association of Low Back Pain and Fatigue Among Office Workers: A Systematic Review. In: Arezes, P.M. et al. Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health V. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, Springer, Cham. 2024. vol. 492. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38277-2_57
10. Powell K.E., Paluch A.E., Blair S.N. Physical Activity for Health: What Kind? How Much? How Intense? On Top of What? Public Health, 2011, vol. 32 (1), pp. 349–365. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-101151
11. Raghupathi V., Raghupathi W. The Influence of Education on Health: an Empirical Assessment of OECD Countries for the Period 1995–2015. Archives of Public Health, 2020, vol. 78:20, p. 18. DOI: 10.1186/s13690-020-00402-5
12. Salifu Y., Almack K., Caswell G. ‘My wife is my Doctor at Home’: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Challenges of Home-based Palliative Care in a Resource-poor Setting. Palliative Medicine, 2021, vol. 35 (1), pp. 97–108. DOI: 10.1177/0269216320951107
13. Siddique M.K., Rasheed A., Ismail T. et al. Role of Lifestyle in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases Among the Workers Working in the Offices of FMU, Faisalabad. Annals of Punjab Medical College, 2022, vol. 16 (1), pp. 37–40. DOI: 10.29054/APMC/2022.776
14. Spengler S., Woll A. The More Physically Active, the Healthier? The Relationship between Physical Activity and Health-related Quality of Life in Adolescents: the MoMo Study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2013, vol. 10 (5), pp. 708–715. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.10.5.708
15. Sun Q., Qi M., Moyle W. et al. Physical Activity Participation and Psychological Wellbeing in University Office Workers in China and Australia: an Online Survey. Healthcare, 2021, vol. 9 (12):1618. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121618
16. Sun H., Ren X., Chen Z. et al. Association between Body Mass Index and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Chinese Adults. Medicine, 2016, vol. 95 (32), e4327. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004327
17. Swann C., Rosenbaum S., Lawrence A. et al. Updating Goal-setting Theory in Physical Activity Promotion: a Critical Conceptual Review. Health Psychology Review, 2021, vol. 15 (1), pp. 34–50. DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1706616
18. Umberson D., Donnelly R., Pollitt A.M. Marriage, Social Control, and Health Behavior: A Dyadic Analysis of Same-sex and Different-sex Couples. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 2018, vol. 59 (3), pp. 429–446. DOI: 10.1177/0022146518790560
19. World Health Organization. Physical Activity. Available at: https://www.who.int/initiatives/behealthy/physical-activity (accessed 21.09.2023).
20. Zhou L., Deng X., Guo K. et al. Effectiveness of Multicomponent Interventions in Office-Based Workers to Mitigate Occupational Sedentary Behavior: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 2023, vol. 9:e44745, p. 15. DOI: 10.2196/44745
2. Jalal S.M., Beth M.R.M., Al-Hassan H.J.M., Alshealah N.M.J. Body Mass Index, Practice of Physical Activity and Lifestyle of Students During COVID-19 Lockdown. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2021, pp. 1901–1910. DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S325269
3. Larisch L.M., Blom V., Hagströmer M. et al. Improving Movement Behavior in Office Workers: Effects of Two Multilevel Cluster-RCT Interventions on Mental Health. BMC Public Health, 2024, vol. 24 (1):127, p. 14. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17647-2
4. Leman M.A., Claramita M., Rahayu G.R. Predicting Factors on Modeling Health Behavior: a Systematic Review. American Journal of Health Behavior, 2021, vol. 45 (2), pp. 268–278. DOI: 10.5993/ AJHB.45.2.7
5. Magkos F., Hjorth M.F., Astrup A. Diet and Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2020, vol. 16 (10), pp. 545–555. DOI: 10.1038/ s41574-020-0381-5
6. Maugeri G., Castrogiovanni P., Battaglia G. et al. The Impact of Physical Activity on Psychological Health During Covid-19 Pandemic in Italy. Heliyon, 2020, vol. 6 (6), p. 18. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e0431
7. Michie S., Abraham C., Whittington C. et al. Effective Techniques in Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Interventions: a Meta-regression. Health Psychology, 2009, vol. 28 (6), pp. 690–701. DOI: 10.1037/a0016136.0
8. Nguyen T.M., Nguyen V.H., Kim J.H. Physical Exercise and Health-related Quality of Life in Office Workers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, vol. 18:3791, p. 27. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073791
9. Pezeshki S.I., Baptista J.S., Guedes J.C. Association of Low Back Pain and Fatigue Among Office Workers: A Systematic Review. In: Arezes, P.M. et al. Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health V. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, Springer, Cham. 2024. vol. 492. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38277-2_57
10. Powell K.E., Paluch A.E., Blair S.N. Physical Activity for Health: What Kind? How Much? How Intense? On Top of What? Public Health, 2011, vol. 32 (1), pp. 349–365. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-101151
11. Raghupathi V., Raghupathi W. The Influence of Education on Health: an Empirical Assessment of OECD Countries for the Period 1995–2015. Archives of Public Health, 2020, vol. 78:20, p. 18. DOI: 10.1186/s13690-020-00402-5
12. Salifu Y., Almack K., Caswell G. ‘My wife is my Doctor at Home’: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Challenges of Home-based Palliative Care in a Resource-poor Setting. Palliative Medicine, 2021, vol. 35 (1), pp. 97–108. DOI: 10.1177/0269216320951107
13. Siddique M.K., Rasheed A., Ismail T. et al. Role of Lifestyle in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases Among the Workers Working in the Offices of FMU, Faisalabad. Annals of Punjab Medical College, 2022, vol. 16 (1), pp. 37–40. DOI: 10.29054/APMC/2022.776
14. Spengler S., Woll A. The More Physically Active, the Healthier? The Relationship between Physical Activity and Health-related Quality of Life in Adolescents: the MoMo Study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2013, vol. 10 (5), pp. 708–715. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.10.5.708
15. Sun Q., Qi M., Moyle W. et al. Physical Activity Participation and Psychological Wellbeing in University Office Workers in China and Australia: an Online Survey. Healthcare, 2021, vol. 9 (12):1618. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121618
16. Sun H., Ren X., Chen Z. et al. Association between Body Mass Index and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Chinese Adults. Medicine, 2016, vol. 95 (32), e4327. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004327
17. Swann C., Rosenbaum S., Lawrence A. et al. Updating Goal-setting Theory in Physical Activity Promotion: a Critical Conceptual Review. Health Psychology Review, 2021, vol. 15 (1), pp. 34–50. DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1706616
18. Umberson D., Donnelly R., Pollitt A.M. Marriage, Social Control, and Health Behavior: A Dyadic Analysis of Same-sex and Different-sex Couples. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 2018, vol. 59 (3), pp. 429–446. DOI: 10.1177/0022146518790560
19. World Health Organization. Physical Activity. Available at: https://www.who.int/initiatives/behealthy/physical-activity (accessed 21.09.2023).
20. Zhou L., Deng X., Guo K. et al. Effectiveness of Multicomponent Interventions in Office-Based Workers to Mitigate Occupational Sedentary Behavior: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 2023, vol. 9:e44745, p. 15. DOI: 10.2196/44745
2. Jalal S.M., Beth M.R.M., Al-Hassan H.J.M., Alshealah N.M.J. Body Mass Index, Practice of Physical Activity and Lifestyle of Students During COVID-19 Lockdown. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2021, pp. 1901–1910. DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S325269
3. Larisch L.M., Blom V., Hagströmer M. et al. Improving Movement Behavior in Office Workers: Effects of Two Multilevel Cluster-RCT Interventions on Mental Health. BMC Public Health, 2024, vol. 24 (1):127, p. 14. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17647-2
4. Leman M.A., Claramita M., Rahayu G.R. Predicting Factors on Modeling Health Behavior: a Systematic Review. American Journal of Health Behavior, 2021, vol. 45 (2), pp. 268–278. DOI: 10.5993/ AJHB.45.2.7
5. Magkos F., Hjorth M.F., Astrup A. Diet and Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2020, vol. 16 (10), pp. 545–555. DOI: 10.1038/ s41574-020-0381-5
6. Maugeri G., Castrogiovanni P., Battaglia G. et al. The Impact of Physical Activity on Psychological Health During Covid-19 Pandemic in Italy. Heliyon, 2020, vol. 6 (6), p. 18. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e0431
7. Michie S., Abraham C., Whittington C. et al. Effective Techniques in Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Interventions: a Meta-regression. Health Psychology, 2009, vol. 28 (6), pp. 690–701. DOI: 10.1037/a0016136.0
8. Nguyen T.M., Nguyen V.H., Kim J.H. Physical Exercise and Health-related Quality of Life in Office Workers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, vol. 18:3791, p. 27. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073791
9. Pezeshki S.I., Baptista J.S., Guedes J.C. Association of Low Back Pain and Fatigue Among Office Workers: A Systematic Review. In: Arezes, P.M. et al. Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health V. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, Springer, Cham. 2024. vol. 492. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38277-2_57
10. Powell K.E., Paluch A.E., Blair S.N. Physical Activity for Health: What Kind? How Much? How Intense? On Top of What? Public Health, 2011, vol. 32 (1), pp. 349–365. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-101151
11. Raghupathi V., Raghupathi W. The Influence of Education on Health: an Empirical Assessment of OECD Countries for the Period 1995–2015. Archives of Public Health, 2020, vol. 78:20, p. 18. DOI: 10.1186/s13690-020-00402-5
12. Salifu Y., Almack K., Caswell G. ‘My wife is my Doctor at Home’: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Challenges of Home-based Palliative Care in a Resource-poor Setting. Palliative Medicine, 2021, vol. 35 (1), pp. 97–108. DOI: 10.1177/0269216320951107
13. Siddique M.K., Rasheed A., Ismail T. et al. Role of Lifestyle in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases Among the Workers Working in the Offices of FMU, Faisalabad. Annals of Punjab Medical College, 2022, vol. 16 (1), pp. 37–40. DOI: 10.29054/APMC/2022.776
14. Spengler S., Woll A. The More Physically Active, the Healthier? The Relationship between Physical Activity and Health-related Quality of Life in Adolescents: the MoMo Study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2013, vol. 10 (5), pp. 708–715. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.10.5.708
15. Sun Q., Qi M., Moyle W. et al. Physical Activity Participation and Psychological Wellbeing in University Office Workers in China and Australia: an Online Survey. Healthcare, 2021, vol. 9 (12):1618. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121618
16. Sun H., Ren X., Chen Z. et al. Association between Body Mass Index and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Chinese Adults. Medicine, 2016, vol. 95 (32), e4327. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004327
17. Swann C., Rosenbaum S., Lawrence A. et al. Updating Goal-setting Theory in Physical Activity Promotion: a Critical Conceptual Review. Health Psychology Review, 2021, vol. 15 (1), pp. 34–50. DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1706616
18. Umberson D., Donnelly R., Pollitt A.M. Marriage, Social Control, and Health Behavior: A Dyadic Analysis of Same-sex and Different-sex Couples. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 2018, vol. 59 (3), pp. 429–446. DOI: 10.1177/0022146518790560
19. World Health Organization. Physical Activity. Available at: https://www.who.int/initiatives/behealthy/physical-activity (accessed 21.09.2023).
20. Zhou L., Deng X., Guo K. et al. Effectiveness of Multicomponent Interventions in Office-Based Workers to Mitigate Occupational Sedentary Behavior: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 2023, vol. 9:e44745, p. 15. DOI: 10.2196/44745
References
1. Chen C., Dieterich A.V., Koh J.J.E. et al. The Physical Activity at Work (PAW) Study Protocol: a Cluster Randomised Trial of a Multicomponent Short-break Intervention to Reduce Sitting Time and Increase Physical Activity Among Office Workers in Thailand. BMC Public Health, 2020, vol. 20:1332, p. 14. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09427-52. Jalal S.M., Beth M.R.M., Al-Hassan H.J.M., Alshealah N.M.J. Body Mass Index, Practice of Physical Activity and Lifestyle of Students During COVID-19 Lockdown. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2021, pp. 1901–1910. DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S325269
3. Larisch L.M., Blom V., Hagströmer M. et al. Improving Movement Behavior in Office Workers: Effects of Two Multilevel Cluster-RCT Interventions on Mental Health. BMC Public Health, 2024, vol. 24 (1):127, p. 14. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17647-2
4. Leman M.A., Claramita M., Rahayu G.R. Predicting Factors on Modeling Health Behavior: a Systematic Review. American Journal of Health Behavior, 2021, vol. 45 (2), pp. 268–278. DOI: 10.5993/ AJHB.45.2.7
5. Magkos F., Hjorth M.F., Astrup A. Diet and Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2020, vol. 16 (10), pp. 545–555. DOI: 10.1038/ s41574-020-0381-5
6. Maugeri G., Castrogiovanni P., Battaglia G. et al. The Impact of Physical Activity on Psychological Health During Covid-19 Pandemic in Italy. Heliyon, 2020, vol. 6 (6), p. 18. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e0431
7. Michie S., Abraham C., Whittington C. et al. Effective Techniques in Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Interventions: a Meta-regression. Health Psychology, 2009, vol. 28 (6), pp. 690–701. DOI: 10.1037/a0016136.0
8. Nguyen T.M., Nguyen V.H., Kim J.H. Physical Exercise and Health-related Quality of Life in Office Workers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, vol. 18:3791, p. 27. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073791
9. Pezeshki S.I., Baptista J.S., Guedes J.C. Association of Low Back Pain and Fatigue Among Office Workers: A Systematic Review. In: Arezes, P.M. et al. Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health V. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, Springer, Cham. 2024. vol. 492. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38277-2_57
10. Powell K.E., Paluch A.E., Blair S.N. Physical Activity for Health: What Kind? How Much? How Intense? On Top of What? Public Health, 2011, vol. 32 (1), pp. 349–365. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-101151
11. Raghupathi V., Raghupathi W. The Influence of Education on Health: an Empirical Assessment of OECD Countries for the Period 1995–2015. Archives of Public Health, 2020, vol. 78:20, p. 18. DOI: 10.1186/s13690-020-00402-5
12. Salifu Y., Almack K., Caswell G. ‘My wife is my Doctor at Home’: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Challenges of Home-based Palliative Care in a Resource-poor Setting. Palliative Medicine, 2021, vol. 35 (1), pp. 97–108. DOI: 10.1177/0269216320951107
13. Siddique M.K., Rasheed A., Ismail T. et al. Role of Lifestyle in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases Among the Workers Working in the Offices of FMU, Faisalabad. Annals of Punjab Medical College, 2022, vol. 16 (1), pp. 37–40. DOI: 10.29054/APMC/2022.776
14. Spengler S., Woll A. The More Physically Active, the Healthier? The Relationship between Physical Activity and Health-related Quality of Life in Adolescents: the MoMo Study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2013, vol. 10 (5), pp. 708–715. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.10.5.708
15. Sun Q., Qi M., Moyle W. et al. Physical Activity Participation and Psychological Wellbeing in University Office Workers in China and Australia: an Online Survey. Healthcare, 2021, vol. 9 (12):1618. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121618
16. Sun H., Ren X., Chen Z. et al. Association between Body Mass Index and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Chinese Adults. Medicine, 2016, vol. 95 (32), e4327. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004327
17. Swann C., Rosenbaum S., Lawrence A. et al. Updating Goal-setting Theory in Physical Activity Promotion: a Critical Conceptual Review. Health Psychology Review, 2021, vol. 15 (1), pp. 34–50. DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1706616
18. Umberson D., Donnelly R., Pollitt A.M. Marriage, Social Control, and Health Behavior: A Dyadic Analysis of Same-sex and Different-sex Couples. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 2018, vol. 59 (3), pp. 429–446. DOI: 10.1177/0022146518790560
19. World Health Organization. Physical Activity. Available at: https://www.who.int/initiatives/behealthy/physical-activity (accessed 21.09.2023).
20. Zhou L., Deng X., Guo K. et al. Effectiveness of Multicomponent Interventions in Office-Based Workers to Mitigate Occupational Sedentary Behavior: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 2023, vol. 9:e44745, p. 15. DOI: 10.2196/44745
Опубликован
2026-10-05
Как цитировать
Чжун, Т., & Рогалева, Л. (2026). ВЛИЯНИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИЙ ВОЗ НА УРОВЕНЬ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ОФИСНЫХ СОТРУДНИКОВ В КИТАЕ. Человек. Спорт. Медицина, 26(S1), 124-130. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm26s116
Выпуск
Раздел
Современные педагогические и психологические технологии в физическом воспитании
Copyright (c) 2026 Человек. Спорт. Медицина
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