ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ 100 м КРОЛЕМ НА ГРУДИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ АНТРОПОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК У МОЛОДЫХ ГРЕЧЕСКИХ ПЛОВЦОВ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ПОЛА
Аннотация
Цель. Целью данной статьи является выявление предсказательной способности взаимоотношений между выполнением 100 м кролем на груди и антропометрическими характеристиками молодых пловцов. Материалы и методы. Пятьдесят один действующий спортсмен (n = 30 – мужчины, n = 21 – женщины) принял участие в исследовании. С целью анализа спортсмены были разделены на две категории (13–15 лет n = 32, 16–18 лет, n = 19). В качестве предсказательных переменных были использованы следующие антропометрические данные: 7 переменных – параметров длины, 7 переменных – параметры кожных складок, 3 переменных – параметры обхвата, 1 переменная – показатель объема). Результаты. Разработана одна предсказательная модель для каждой из групп, выделенных по полу и возрасту. Процент объясненной дисперсии зависимой переменной (время выполнения 100 м кролем на груди) составляет 84,6%, 54,4%, 71,1% и 72,7% для мужчин, женщин, младшей и старшей возрастной групп соответственно. Значимыми переменными для каждой модели выступали: размах рук, кожная складка бицепса, обхват бицепса при сокращении мышц для мужчин-пловцов, рост сидя для женщин-пловцов, обхват бицепса при сокращении мышц и масса тела для пловцов младшей возрастной группы, кожная складка трицепса и обхват бицепса при сокращении мышц для пловцов старшей возрастной группы. Заключение. Результативность молодых пловцов можно предсказать по важным антропометрическим показателям.
Литература
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11. Latt E., Jurimae J., Maestu J. et al. Physiological, Biomechanical and Anthropometrical Predictors of Sprint Swimming Performance in Adolescent Swimmers. Journal of Sports and Medicine, 2010, vol. 9, pp. 398–404.
12. Lee R.C., Wang Z., Heo M. et al. Total-Body Skeletal Muscle Mass: Development and Cross-Validation of Anthropometric Prediction Models. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000, vol. 72, no. 3, pp. 796–803. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/72.3.796
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18. Riewald S., Rodeo S. Science if Swim-ming Faster. Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL, 2015.
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20. Shepilov A.V., Nenasheva A.V., Isaev A.P. Ergospirometric Indices of Evaluation of Exercise Performance of Female Swimmers of Different Ages and Qualifications. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury, 2013, No. 3, p. 13.
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21. Strzala M., Tyka A. Physical Endurance, Somatic Indices and Swimming Technique Parameters as Determinants of Front Crawl Swimming Speed at Short Distances in Young Swimmers. Medicina Sportiva, 2009, vol. 13, pp. 99–107. DOI: 10.2478/v10036-009-0016-3
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23. Vitor F. de M., Bohme M.S. Performance of Young Male Swimmers in the 100meters Front Crawl. Pediatric Exercise Science, 2010, vol. 22, pp. 278–287. DOI: 10.1123/pes.22.2.278
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