ОЦЕНКА ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ РАБОТОСПОСОБНОСТИ У СПОРТСМЕНОВ С ОГРАНИЧЕНИЯМИ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ ЗДОРОВЬЯ
Ключевые слова:
спортсмены, ограничения возможностей здоровья, нагрузочные тестирования, оценка физической работоспособности
Аннотация
Цель: изучить особенности применения диагностических методик для оценки уровня физической работоспособности спортсменов с ограничениями возможностей здоровья (ОВЗ). Материалы и методы. Исследованы 60 атлетов – представителей профессионального, любительского и детского спорта с разными формами и степенями тяжести ОВЗ. Для оценки физической работоспособности использовали методы нагрузочных тестирований, подобранные с учетом индивидуальных особенностей контингента исследуемых лиц – велоэргоспирометрия, эргометрия руками, модифицированный Гарвардский степ-тест. Результаты. Дано обоснование подбору методов нагрузочных тестирований с использованием различных нагрузочных устройств и протоколов тестирования для адекватной оценки физической работоспособности спортсменов с ОВЗ с учетом индивидуальных возможностей атлетов. Установлено, что динамика ЧСС на нагрузку и в восстановительном периоде после нагрузки значимым образом не зависела от возраста, пола, вида спорта и деталей ОВЗ спортсменов. Заключение. Результаты реакции на возрастающую физическую нагрузку во всех нагрузочных тестах свидетельствуют об адекватности выбранных методик оценки физической работоспособности у лиц с ОВЗ.
Литература
1. Bar-Or O. The Wingate Anaerobic Test. An Update on Methodology, Reliability and Validity. Sports Medicine, 1987, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 381–394. DOI: 10.2165/00007256-198704060-00001
2. Baumgart J.K., Brurok B., Sandbakk O. Peak Oxygen Uptake in Paralympic Sitting Sports: A Systematic Literature Review, Meta- and Pooled-data Analysis. PLoS One, 2018, vol. 23, no. 13 (2), e0192903. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192903
3. Carty C., van der Ploeg H.P., Biddle S.J.H. et al. The First Global Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Guidelines for People Living With Disability. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2021, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 86–93. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0629
4. Heine M., van den Akker L.E., Verschuren O. et al. Reliability and Responsiveness of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Fatigued Persons with Multiple Sclerosis and Low to Mild Disability. PLoS One, 2015, vol. 19, no. 10 (3), e0122260. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122260
5. Janssen R.J.F., de Groot S., Van der Woude L.H.V. et al. Toward a Standardized and Individualized Laboratory-Based Protocol for Wheelchair-Specific Exercise Capacity Testing in Wheelchair Athletes: A Scoping Review. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 2023, vol. 1, no. 102 (3), pp. 261–269. DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001941
6. Marcolin G., Petrone N., Benazzato M. et al. Personalized Tests in Paralympic Athletes: Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance Profile of Elite Wheelchair Rugby Players. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 2020, vol. 9, no. 10 (3), 118 p. DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030118
7. Marszałek J., Kosmol A., Morgulec-Adamowicz N. et al. Laboratory and Non-laboratory Assessment of Anaerobic Performance of Elite Male Wheelchair Basketball Athletes. Frontiers in Psychology, 2019, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 514. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00514
8. Mikami Y., Fukuhara K., Kawae T. et al. Exercise Loading for Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Evaluation of Endurance in Amputee Football Players. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2018, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 960–965. DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.960
9. Pelliccia A., Quattrini F.M., Cavarretta E. et al. Physiologic and Clinical Features of the Paralympic Athlete's Heart. JAMA Cardiology, 2021, vol. 1, no. 6 (1), pp. 30–39. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio. 2020.4306
10. Riebe D., Ehrman J.K., Liguori G., Magal M. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (Tenth edition). Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018. 472 p.
11. Stieler E., de Mello M.T., Lôbo I.L.B. et al. Current Technologies and Practices to Assess External Training Load in Paralympic Sport: A Systematic Review. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 2023, vol. 8, no. 32 (6), pp. 635–644. DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0110
12. Tupikina et al. Use of Modified Harvard Step Test for the Evaluation of Exercise Tolerance in Patients with a Functional Single Ventricle After Total Cardiopulmonary Connection. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii, 2016, vol. 4, pp. 77–81. DOI: 10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-4-77-81
2. Baumgart J.K., Brurok B., Sandbakk O. Peak Oxygen Uptake in Paralympic Sitting Sports: A Systematic Literature Review, Meta- and Pooled-data Analysis. PLoS One, 2018, vol. 23, no. 13 (2), e0192903. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192903
3. Carty C., van der Ploeg H.P., Biddle S.J.H. et al. The First Global Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Guidelines for People Living With Disability. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2021, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 86–93. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0629
4. Heine M., van den Akker L.E., Verschuren O. et al. Reliability and Responsiveness of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Fatigued Persons with Multiple Sclerosis and Low to Mild Disability. PLoS One, 2015, vol. 19, no. 10 (3), e0122260. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122260
5. Janssen R.J.F., de Groot S., Van der Woude L.H.V. et al. Toward a Standardized and Individualized Laboratory-Based Protocol for Wheelchair-Specific Exercise Capacity Testing in Wheelchair Athletes: A Scoping Review. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 2023, vol. 1, no. 102 (3), pp. 261–269. DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001941
6. Marcolin G., Petrone N., Benazzato M. et al. Personalized Tests in Paralympic Athletes: Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance Profile of Elite Wheelchair Rugby Players. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 2020, vol. 9, no. 10 (3), 118 p. DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030118
7. Marszałek J., Kosmol A., Morgulec-Adamowicz N. et al. Laboratory and Non-laboratory Assessment of Anaerobic Performance of Elite Male Wheelchair Basketball Athletes. Frontiers in Psychology, 2019, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 514. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00514
8. Mikami Y., Fukuhara K., Kawae T. et al. Exercise Loading for Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Evaluation of Endurance in Amputee Football Players. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2018, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 960–965. DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.960
9. Pelliccia A., Quattrini F.M., Cavarretta E. et al. Physiologic and Clinical Features of the Paralympic Athlete's Heart. JAMA Cardiology, 2021, vol. 1, no. 6 (1), pp. 30–39. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio. 2020.4306
10. Riebe D., Ehrman J.K., Liguori G., Magal M. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (Tenth edition). Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018. 472 p.
11. Stieler E., de Mello M.T., Lôbo I.L.B. et al. Current Technologies and Practices to Assess External Training Load in Paralympic Sport: A Systematic Review. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 2023, vol. 8, no. 32 (6), pp. 635–644. DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0110
12. Tupikina et al. Use of Modified Harvard Step Test for the Evaluation of Exercise Tolerance in Patients with a Functional Single Ventricle After Total Cardiopulmonary Connection. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii, 2016, vol. 4, pp. 77–81. DOI: 10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-4-77-81
2. Baumgart J.K., Brurok B., Sandbakk O. Peak Oxygen Uptake in Paralympic Sitting Sports: A Systematic Literature Review, Meta- and Pooled-data Analysis. PLoS One, 2018, vol. 23, no. 13 (2), e0192903. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192903
3. Carty C., van der Ploeg H.P., Biddle S.J.H. et al. The First Global Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Guidelines for People Living With Disability. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2021, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 86–93. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0629
4. Heine M., van den Akker L.E., Verschuren O. et al. Reliability and Responsiveness of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Fatigued Persons with Multiple Sclerosis and Low to Mild Disability. PLoS One, 2015, vol. 19, no. 10 (3), e0122260. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122260
5. Janssen R.J.F., de Groot S., Van der Woude L.H.V. et al. Toward a Standardized and Individualized Laboratory-Based Protocol for Wheelchair-Specific Exercise Capacity Testing in Wheelchair Athletes: A Scoping Review. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 2023, vol. 1, no. 102 (3), pp. 261–269. DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001941
6. Marcolin G., Petrone N., Benazzato M. et al. Personalized Tests in Paralympic Athletes: Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance Profile of Elite Wheelchair Rugby Players. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 2020, vol. 9, no. 10 (3), 118 p. DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030118
7. Marszałek J., Kosmol A., Morgulec-Adamowicz N. et al. Laboratory and Non-laboratory Assessment of Anaerobic Performance of Elite Male Wheelchair Basketball Athletes. Frontiers in Psychology, 2019, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 514. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00514
8. Mikami Y., Fukuhara K., Kawae T. et al. Exercise Loading for Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Evaluation of Endurance in Amputee Football Players. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2018, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 960–965. DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.960
9. Pelliccia A., Quattrini F.M., Cavarretta E. et al. Physiologic and Clinical Features of the Paralympic Athlete's Heart. JAMA Cardiology, 2021, vol. 1, no. 6 (1), pp. 30–39. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio. 2020.4306
10. Riebe D., Ehrman J.K., Liguori G., Magal M. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (Tenth edition). Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018. 472 p.
11. Stieler E., de Mello M.T., Lôbo I.L.B. et al. Current Technologies and Practices to Assess External Training Load in Paralympic Sport: A Systematic Review. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 2023, vol. 8, no. 32 (6), pp. 635–644. DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0110
12. Tupikina et al. Use of Modified Harvard Step Test for the Evaluation of Exercise Tolerance in Patients with a Functional Single Ventricle After Total Cardiopulmonary Connection. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii, 2016, vol. 4, pp. 77–81. DOI: 10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-4-77-81
References
1. Bar-Or O. The Wingate Anaerobic Test. An Update on Methodology, Reliability and Validity. Sports Medicine, 1987, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 381–394. DOI: 10.2165/00007256-198704060-000012. Baumgart J.K., Brurok B., Sandbakk O. Peak Oxygen Uptake in Paralympic Sitting Sports: A Systematic Literature Review, Meta- and Pooled-data Analysis. PLoS One, 2018, vol. 23, no. 13 (2), e0192903. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192903
3. Carty C., van der Ploeg H.P., Biddle S.J.H. et al. The First Global Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Guidelines for People Living With Disability. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2021, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 86–93. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0629
4. Heine M., van den Akker L.E., Verschuren O. et al. Reliability and Responsiveness of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Fatigued Persons with Multiple Sclerosis and Low to Mild Disability. PLoS One, 2015, vol. 19, no. 10 (3), e0122260. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122260
5. Janssen R.J.F., de Groot S., Van der Woude L.H.V. et al. Toward a Standardized and Individualized Laboratory-Based Protocol for Wheelchair-Specific Exercise Capacity Testing in Wheelchair Athletes: A Scoping Review. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 2023, vol. 1, no. 102 (3), pp. 261–269. DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001941
6. Marcolin G., Petrone N., Benazzato M. et al. Personalized Tests in Paralympic Athletes: Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance Profile of Elite Wheelchair Rugby Players. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 2020, vol. 9, no. 10 (3), 118 p. DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030118
7. Marszałek J., Kosmol A., Morgulec-Adamowicz N. et al. Laboratory and Non-laboratory Assessment of Anaerobic Performance of Elite Male Wheelchair Basketball Athletes. Frontiers in Psychology, 2019, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 514. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00514
8. Mikami Y., Fukuhara K., Kawae T. et al. Exercise Loading for Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Evaluation of Endurance in Amputee Football Players. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2018, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 960–965. DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.960
9. Pelliccia A., Quattrini F.M., Cavarretta E. et al. Physiologic and Clinical Features of the Paralympic Athlete's Heart. JAMA Cardiology, 2021, vol. 1, no. 6 (1), pp. 30–39. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio. 2020.4306
10. Riebe D., Ehrman J.K., Liguori G., Magal M. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (Tenth edition). Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018. 472 p.
11. Stieler E., de Mello M.T., Lôbo I.L.B. et al. Current Technologies and Practices to Assess External Training Load in Paralympic Sport: A Systematic Review. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 2023, vol. 8, no. 32 (6), pp. 635–644. DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0110
12. Tupikina et al. Use of Modified Harvard Step Test for the Evaluation of Exercise Tolerance in Patients with a Functional Single Ventricle After Total Cardiopulmonary Connection. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii, 2016, vol. 4, pp. 77–81. DOI: 10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-4-77-81
Опубликован
2024-05-30
Как цитировать
Мехдиева, К., Захарова, А., Тимохина, В., Усанина, С., & Бляхман, Ф. (2024). ОЦЕНКА ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ РАБОТОСПОСОБНОСТИ У СПОРТСМЕНОВ С ОГРАНИЧЕНИЯМИ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ ЗДОРОВЬЯ. Человек. Спорт. Медицина, 24(1), 189-195. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm240123
Выпуск
Раздел
Восстановительная и спортивная медицина
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