НОРМАТИВНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ФИЗИЧЕСКИХ И ПСИХОМОТОРНЫХ НАВЫКОВ У ДЕТЕЙ В ВОЗРАСТЕ ОТ 4 ДО 7 ЛЕТ, ПРОЖИВАЮЩИХ В ТУРЦИИ (САКАРЬЯ)
Ключевые слова:
нормативные показатели, психомоторные навыки, раннее детство, Турция
Аннотация
Цель. Настоящее исследование направлено на определение нормативных значений физических и двигательных навыков у детей в зависимости от возраста и пола на примере детей в возрасте 4–7 лет, проживающих в Турции (Сакарья). Материалы и методы. Выборка исследования состояла из 777 детей, посещающих дошкольные учреждения (383 девочки и 394 мальчика), в возрасте от 4 до 7 лет. Все учащиеся проходят обучение в частной школе провинции Сакарья в Турции. В целях исследования использовался следующий набор измерений и тестов: рост, вес, ИМТ, процент содержания жира в организме, прыжок в длину с места, вис на прямых руках, челночный бег 10 × 5 метров, горизонтальная складка, теппинг-тест (быстрота касания заданного изображения), упражнение фламинго, тест на координацию, поднятие туловища из положения лежа, челночный бег на 20 метров, максимальное потребление кислорода. Для определения средних значений, стандартного отклонения и перцентиля для исследуемых навыков было использовано программное обеспечение SPSS 22 (частоты и перцентили). Результаты. Результаты каждого тестирования позволили установить средние значения и нормативные показатели владения навыками в зависимости от возраста и пола, а также антропометрические и психомоторные показатели у детей в возрасте от 4 до 7 лет. Полученные данные сравнивались с данными ВОЗ, а также с данными из научной литературы некоторых стран. Заключение. Настоящее исследование позволило установить нормативные значения для основных двигательных навыков и антропометрических показателей у детей округа Сакарья (Турция) в возрасте от 4 до 7 лет в зависимости от пола и возраста. Основные двигательные навыки и антропометрические показатели играют определяющую роль в правильном развитии ребенка. Было установлено, что нет значимых отличий в антропометрических, психомоторных и функциональных характеристиках детей в возрасте от 4 до 7 лет в зависимости от пола.
Литература
1. Armstrong N. Top 10 Research Questions Related to Youth Aerobic Fitness. Res Q Exerc Sport, 2017, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 130–148. DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2017.1303298
2. Barnett L.M., Van Beurden E., Morgan P.J. et al. Gender Differences in Motor Skill Proficiency from Childhood to Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study. Res Q Exerc Sport, 2010, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 162–170. DOI: 10.1080/ 02701367.2010.10599663
3. Bayli I., Way R., Higgs C. et al. Canadian Sport for Life. Sport for Life Society, 2016.
4. Berisha M., Çilli M. Normative Values for Physical Fitness in Children Aged 11–17 in Kosovo. Pedagog. Psychol. Medical-Biological Probl. Phys. Train. Sport, 2018, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 17–27. DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2018.0103
5. Berisha M., Çilli M. Physical Fitness Norms in Student aged 8–17 in Kosovo. Latvia LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2018.
6. Castro-Piñero J., Artero E.G., España-Romero V., Ortega F.B. Criterion-Related Validity of Field-Based Fitness Tests in Youth: A Systematic Review. Br J Sports Med, 2010, vol. 44, no. 13, pp. 934–943. DOI: 10.1136/bjsm. 2009.058321
7. Catley M.J., Tomkinson G.R. Normative Health-Related Fitness Values for Children: Analysis of 85347 Test Results on 9–17-year-old Australians Since 1985. Br J Sports Med, 2013, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 98–108. DOI: 10.1136/ bjsports-2011-090218
8. De Miguel-Etayo P., Gracia-Marco L., Ortega F.B., Intemann T. Physical Fitness Reference Standards in European Children: The IDEFICS Study. Int J Obes, 2014, vol. 38, pp. 57–66. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.136
9. Dictionary.com. Available at: https:// www.dictionary.com/ (accessed 8.01.2019).
10. Erdal Z., Özcan S. Physical Activity and Physical Fitness. Istanbul, Bedray Publishing Distirbution Tur. ve İnş. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti., 2008. (in Turkish)
11. Ergen E., Demirel H., Güner R. et al. Exercise Physiology Textbook. 6th ed. Ankara, Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy TRADE. LTD. Sti., 2017. (in Turkish)
12. Gallahue D.L., Cleland-Donnelly F. Developmental Physical Education for All Chilldren. 4th ed. (Hatzopoulos Joanna, ed.). United States, 2007. pp. 52–57.
13. Gao Z., Wang R. Children’s Motor Skill Competence, Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health Promotion. J Sport Heal Sci, 2019, pp. 95–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.12.002
14. Handbook P. of Europe Conseil De L’ Europe Sport Testing Physical Fitness Experimental Battery, 2011.
15. Harter S.A. Model of Intrinsic Mastery Motivation in Children: Individualdifferences and Developmental Change. 14th ed. New York and London, Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, 1981.
16. Hobold E., Pires-Lopes V., Gómez-Campos R. Miguel de Arruda. Reference Standards to Assess Physical Fitness of Children and Adolescents of Brazil: an Approach to the Students of the Lake Itaipú Region-Brazil. Peer J, 2017, vol. 5, pp. 1–15. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4032
17. Jürimäe T., Volbekiene V. Eurofit Test Results in Estonian and Lithuanian 11 to 17 Year Old Children: A Comparative Study. Eur J Phys Educ, 2006, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 178–184. DOI: 10.1080/1740898980030206
18. Karasek F. Handbook for the EUROFIT Tests of Physical Fitness. Rome: Council of Europe. Committee for the Development of Sport, 1988.
19. Kemper H.C., Mechelen V.V. Physical Fitness Testing of Children: A European Perspective. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 1996, vol. 8, pp. 201–114. DOI: 10.1123/pes.8.3.201
20. Kobercki M., Warwrzynyik S., Rokita A. Fundamental Movement Skills of Six- to Seven-Year-Old Children in the First Grade of Elementary School: A Pilot Study. Balt J Heal Phys Act, 2017, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 22–31. DOI: 10.29359/ BJHPA.09.4.02
21. Léger L.A., Mercier D., Gadoury C., Lambert J. The Multistage 20 Metre Shuttle Run Test for Aerobic Fitness. J Sports Sci, 1988, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 93–101. DOI: 10.1080/02640418808729800
22. Li J. Childrens’s Gross Motor Development from Ages 3 to 10 in Shandong. J Shandong Inst Phys Educ Sport, 2009, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 47–50.
23. Lopes V., Malina R.M., Maia J.A., Rodrigues L.P. Body Mass Index and Motor Coordination: Non-Linear Relationships in Children 6–10 Years. Child Care Health Dev, 2018, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 443–451. DOI: 10.1111/cch.12557
24. Lopes V., Stodden D., Bianchi M., Maia J. Correlation Between BMI and Motor Coordination in Children. J Sci Med Sport, 2012, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 38–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011. 07.005
25. Moreno L.A., Mesana M.I., González M. et al. Anthropometric Body Fat Composition Reference Values in Spanish Adolescents. The AVENA Study. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2006, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 191–196. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602285
26. Muratlı S. Child and Sport. 2th ed. Ankara: Nobel Publishing Distribution, 2007. (in Turkish)
27. Muratlı S., Sahin G., Kalyoncu O. Training and Competition. Istanbul, Yaylım Publishing, 2005. (in Turkish)
28. Oxford Learner’s Dictionares. Available at: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/the-british-academy, Published 2019 (accessed 8.01.2019).
29. Özer D.S., Özer K. Children’s Motor Development. 9th ed. Ankara, Nobel Publishing Academy, 2014. 126 р. (in Turkish)
30. Popović R., Aleksić A., Stojanović D., Stefanović M. Evaluation of the Physical Fitness Level in Physical Education Female Students Using Eurofit-Test. Int J Sport Sci Phys Educ, 2017, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–15. DOI: 10.11648/ j.ijsspe.20170201
31. R (87) 9. Of the Commitee of Ministers to Member States on the Eurofit Tests of Physical Education, 1987.
32. Radanovic D., Popovic B., Spasic A., Stajer V. Locomotor Skills in 4-Year-Old Preschool Children: Gender Differences. 8th Int Sci Conf Kinesiol, 2017, pp. 732–734.
33. Ramos-sepúlveda J.A., Ramírez-vélez R., Correa-bautista J.E., Izquierdo M. Physical Fitness and Anthropometric Normative Values Among Colombian-Indian Schoolchildren. BMC Public Health, 2016. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3652-2
34. Şahan A. The Effect of Training on Coordination Development in Puberty Period. 1st ed. Ankara, Nobel Publisher, 2017. (in Turkish)
35. Sevim Y. Training Theory. Ankara, Nobel Publishing Distribution, 2012. 468 p. (in Turkish)
36. Tomkinson G.R., Carver K.D., Atkinson F. et al. European Normative Values for Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Aged 9–17 Years: Results from 2 779 165 Eurofit Performances Representing 30 Countries. Br J Sports Med, 2018, vol. 52, no. 22, pp. 1445–1456. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098253
37. Ulaş M. Motor Development Periods. Movement Education. Ankara: Pegem Academy Publ., 2019. 142 p. (in Turkish) DOI: 10.14527/9786052415450
38. World Health Organization (WHO). Growth Reference data for 5–19 Years. Published 2007. Available at: https://www.who.int/growthref/en/ (accessed 8.01.2019).
39. Yalnız F., Oral I. Training Science and Athlete Health. 1th ed. Ankara, Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy TİC.LTD.ŞTİ., 2016. (in Turkish)
40. Yapıcı H. Development of the Motor Characteristics of Children. Movement Education. Ankara, Pegem Academy, 2019, pp. 139–140. DOI: 10.14527/9786052415450. (in Turkish)
2. Barnett L.M., Van Beurden E., Morgan P.J. et al. Gender Differences in Motor Skill Proficiency from Childhood to Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study. Res Q Exerc Sport, 2010, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 162–170. DOI: 10.1080/ 02701367.2010.10599663
3. Bayli I., Way R., Higgs C. et al. Canadian Sport for Life. Sport for Life Society, 2016.
4. Berisha M., Çilli M. Normative Values for Physical Fitness in Children Aged 11–17 in Kosovo. Pedagog. Psychol. Medical-Biological Probl. Phys. Train. Sport, 2018, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 17–27. DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2018.0103
5. Berisha M., Çilli M. Physical Fitness Norms in Student aged 8–17 in Kosovo. Latvia LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2018.
6. Castro-Piñero J., Artero E.G., España-Romero V., Ortega F.B. Criterion-Related Validity of Field-Based Fitness Tests in Youth: A Systematic Review. Br J Sports Med, 2010, vol. 44, no. 13, pp. 934–943. DOI: 10.1136/bjsm. 2009.058321
7. Catley M.J., Tomkinson G.R. Normative Health-Related Fitness Values for Children: Analysis of 85347 Test Results on 9–17-year-old Australians Since 1985. Br J Sports Med, 2013, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 98–108. DOI: 10.1136/ bjsports-2011-090218
8. De Miguel-Etayo P., Gracia-Marco L., Ortega F.B., Intemann T. Physical Fitness Reference Standards in European Children: The IDEFICS Study. Int J Obes, 2014, vol. 38, pp. 57–66. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.136
9. Dictionary.com. Available at: https:// www.dictionary.com/ (accessed 8.01.2019).
10. Erdal Z., Özcan S. Physical Activity and Physical Fitness. Istanbul, Bedray Publishing Distirbution Tur. ve İnş. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti., 2008. (in Turkish)
11. Ergen E., Demirel H., Güner R. et al. Exercise Physiology Textbook. 6th ed. Ankara, Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy TRADE. LTD. Sti., 2017. (in Turkish)
12. Gallahue D.L., Cleland-Donnelly F. Developmental Physical Education for All Chilldren. 4th ed. (Hatzopoulos Joanna, ed.). United States, 2007. pp. 52–57.
13. Gao Z., Wang R. Children’s Motor Skill Competence, Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health Promotion. J Sport Heal Sci, 2019, pp. 95–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.12.002
14. Handbook P. of Europe Conseil De L’ Europe Sport Testing Physical Fitness Experimental Battery, 2011.
15. Harter S.A. Model of Intrinsic Mastery Motivation in Children: Individualdifferences and Developmental Change. 14th ed. New York and London, Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, 1981.
16. Hobold E., Pires-Lopes V., Gómez-Campos R. Miguel de Arruda. Reference Standards to Assess Physical Fitness of Children and Adolescents of Brazil: an Approach to the Students of the Lake Itaipú Region-Brazil. Peer J, 2017, vol. 5, pp. 1–15. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4032
17. Jürimäe T., Volbekiene V. Eurofit Test Results in Estonian and Lithuanian 11 to 17 Year Old Children: A Comparative Study. Eur J Phys Educ, 2006, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 178–184. DOI: 10.1080/1740898980030206
18. Karasek F. Handbook for the EUROFIT Tests of Physical Fitness. Rome: Council of Europe. Committee for the Development of Sport, 1988.
19. Kemper H.C., Mechelen V.V. Physical Fitness Testing of Children: A European Perspective. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 1996, vol. 8, pp. 201–114. DOI: 10.1123/pes.8.3.201
20. Kobercki M., Warwrzynyik S., Rokita A. Fundamental Movement Skills of Six- to Seven-Year-Old Children in the First Grade of Elementary School: A Pilot Study. Balt J Heal Phys Act, 2017, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 22–31. DOI: 10.29359/ BJHPA.09.4.02
21. Léger L.A., Mercier D., Gadoury C., Lambert J. The Multistage 20 Metre Shuttle Run Test for Aerobic Fitness. J Sports Sci, 1988, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 93–101. DOI: 10.1080/02640418808729800
22. Li J. Childrens’s Gross Motor Development from Ages 3 to 10 in Shandong. J Shandong Inst Phys Educ Sport, 2009, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 47–50.
23. Lopes V., Malina R.M., Maia J.A., Rodrigues L.P. Body Mass Index and Motor Coordination: Non-Linear Relationships in Children 6–10 Years. Child Care Health Dev, 2018, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 443–451. DOI: 10.1111/cch.12557
24. Lopes V., Stodden D., Bianchi M., Maia J. Correlation Between BMI and Motor Coordination in Children. J Sci Med Sport, 2012, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 38–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011. 07.005
25. Moreno L.A., Mesana M.I., González M. et al. Anthropometric Body Fat Composition Reference Values in Spanish Adolescents. The AVENA Study. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2006, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 191–196. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602285
26. Muratlı S. Child and Sport. 2th ed. Ankara: Nobel Publishing Distribution, 2007. (in Turkish)
27. Muratlı S., Sahin G., Kalyoncu O. Training and Competition. Istanbul, Yaylım Publishing, 2005. (in Turkish)
28. Oxford Learner’s Dictionares. Available at: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/the-british-academy, Published 2019 (accessed 8.01.2019).
29. Özer D.S., Özer K. Children’s Motor Development. 9th ed. Ankara, Nobel Publishing Academy, 2014. 126 р. (in Turkish)
30. Popović R., Aleksić A., Stojanović D., Stefanović M. Evaluation of the Physical Fitness Level in Physical Education Female Students Using Eurofit-Test. Int J Sport Sci Phys Educ, 2017, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–15. DOI: 10.11648/ j.ijsspe.20170201
31. R (87) 9. Of the Commitee of Ministers to Member States on the Eurofit Tests of Physical Education, 1987.
32. Radanovic D., Popovic B., Spasic A., Stajer V. Locomotor Skills in 4-Year-Old Preschool Children: Gender Differences. 8th Int Sci Conf Kinesiol, 2017, pp. 732–734.
33. Ramos-sepúlveda J.A., Ramírez-vélez R., Correa-bautista J.E., Izquierdo M. Physical Fitness and Anthropometric Normative Values Among Colombian-Indian Schoolchildren. BMC Public Health, 2016. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3652-2
34. Şahan A. The Effect of Training on Coordination Development in Puberty Period. 1st ed. Ankara, Nobel Publisher, 2017. (in Turkish)
35. Sevim Y. Training Theory. Ankara, Nobel Publishing Distribution, 2012. 468 p. (in Turkish)
36. Tomkinson G.R., Carver K.D., Atkinson F. et al. European Normative Values for Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Aged 9–17 Years: Results from 2 779 165 Eurofit Performances Representing 30 Countries. Br J Sports Med, 2018, vol. 52, no. 22, pp. 1445–1456. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098253
37. Ulaş M. Motor Development Periods. Movement Education. Ankara: Pegem Academy Publ., 2019. 142 p. (in Turkish) DOI: 10.14527/9786052415450
38. World Health Organization (WHO). Growth Reference data for 5–19 Years. Published 2007. Available at: https://www.who.int/growthref/en/ (accessed 8.01.2019).
39. Yalnız F., Oral I. Training Science and Athlete Health. 1th ed. Ankara, Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy TİC.LTD.ŞTİ., 2016. (in Turkish)
40. Yapıcı H. Development of the Motor Characteristics of Children. Movement Education. Ankara, Pegem Academy, 2019, pp. 139–140. DOI: 10.14527/9786052415450. (in Turkish)
2. Barnett L.M., Van Beurden E., Morgan P.J. et al. Gender Differences in Motor Skill Proficiency from Childhood to Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study. Res Q Exerc Sport, 2010, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 162–170. DOI: 10.1080/ 02701367.2010.10599663
3. Bayli I., Way R., Higgs C. et al. Canadian Sport for Life. Sport for Life Society, 2016.
4. Berisha M., Çilli M. Normative Values for Physical Fitness in Children Aged 11–17 in Kosovo. Pedagog. Psychol. Medical-Biological Probl. Phys. Train. Sport, 2018, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 17–27. DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2018.0103
5. Berisha M., Çilli M. Physical Fitness Norms in Student aged 8–17 in Kosovo. Latvia LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2018.
6. Castro-Piñero J., Artero E.G., España-Romero V., Ortega F.B. Criterion-Related Validity of Field-Based Fitness Tests in Youth: A Systematic Review. Br J Sports Med, 2010, vol. 44, no. 13, pp. 934–943. DOI: 10.1136/bjsm. 2009.058321
7. Catley M.J., Tomkinson G.R. Normative Health-Related Fitness Values for Children: Analysis of 85347 Test Results on 9–17-year-old Australians Since 1985. Br J Sports Med, 2013, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 98–108. DOI: 10.1136/ bjsports-2011-090218
8. De Miguel-Etayo P., Gracia-Marco L., Ortega F.B., Intemann T. Physical Fitness Reference Standards in European Children: The IDEFICS Study. Int J Obes, 2014, vol. 38, pp. 57–66. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.136
9. Dictionary.com. Available at: https:// www.dictionary.com/ (accessed 8.01.2019).
10. Erdal Z., Özcan S. Physical Activity and Physical Fitness. Istanbul, Bedray Publishing Distirbution Tur. ve İnş. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti., 2008. (in Turkish)
11. Ergen E., Demirel H., Güner R. et al. Exercise Physiology Textbook. 6th ed. Ankara, Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy TRADE. LTD. Sti., 2017. (in Turkish)
12. Gallahue D.L., Cleland-Donnelly F. Developmental Physical Education for All Chilldren. 4th ed. (Hatzopoulos Joanna, ed.). United States, 2007. pp. 52–57.
13. Gao Z., Wang R. Children’s Motor Skill Competence, Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health Promotion. J Sport Heal Sci, 2019, pp. 95–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.12.002
14. Handbook P. of Europe Conseil De L’ Europe Sport Testing Physical Fitness Experimental Battery, 2011.
15. Harter S.A. Model of Intrinsic Mastery Motivation in Children: Individualdifferences and Developmental Change. 14th ed. New York and London, Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, 1981.
16. Hobold E., Pires-Lopes V., Gómez-Campos R. Miguel de Arruda. Reference Standards to Assess Physical Fitness of Children and Adolescents of Brazil: an Approach to the Students of the Lake Itaipú Region-Brazil. Peer J, 2017, vol. 5, pp. 1–15. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4032
17. Jürimäe T., Volbekiene V. Eurofit Test Results in Estonian and Lithuanian 11 to 17 Year Old Children: A Comparative Study. Eur J Phys Educ, 2006, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 178–184. DOI: 10.1080/1740898980030206
18. Karasek F. Handbook for the EUROFIT Tests of Physical Fitness. Rome: Council of Europe. Committee for the Development of Sport, 1988.
19. Kemper H.C., Mechelen V.V. Physical Fitness Testing of Children: A European Perspective. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 1996, vol. 8, pp. 201–114. DOI: 10.1123/pes.8.3.201
20. Kobercki M., Warwrzynyik S., Rokita A. Fundamental Movement Skills of Six- to Seven-Year-Old Children in the First Grade of Elementary School: A Pilot Study. Balt J Heal Phys Act, 2017, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 22–31. DOI: 10.29359/ BJHPA.09.4.02
21. Léger L.A., Mercier D., Gadoury C., Lambert J. The Multistage 20 Metre Shuttle Run Test for Aerobic Fitness. J Sports Sci, 1988, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 93–101. DOI: 10.1080/02640418808729800
22. Li J. Childrens’s Gross Motor Development from Ages 3 to 10 in Shandong. J Shandong Inst Phys Educ Sport, 2009, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 47–50.
23. Lopes V., Malina R.M., Maia J.A., Rodrigues L.P. Body Mass Index and Motor Coordination: Non-Linear Relationships in Children 6–10 Years. Child Care Health Dev, 2018, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 443–451. DOI: 10.1111/cch.12557
24. Lopes V., Stodden D., Bianchi M., Maia J. Correlation Between BMI and Motor Coordination in Children. J Sci Med Sport, 2012, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 38–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011. 07.005
25. Moreno L.A., Mesana M.I., González M. et al. Anthropometric Body Fat Composition Reference Values in Spanish Adolescents. The AVENA Study. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2006, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 191–196. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602285
26. Muratlı S. Child and Sport. 2th ed. Ankara: Nobel Publishing Distribution, 2007. (in Turkish)
27. Muratlı S., Sahin G., Kalyoncu O. Training and Competition. Istanbul, Yaylım Publishing, 2005. (in Turkish)
28. Oxford Learner’s Dictionares. Available at: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/the-british-academy, Published 2019 (accessed 8.01.2019).
29. Özer D.S., Özer K. Children’s Motor Development. 9th ed. Ankara, Nobel Publishing Academy, 2014. 126 р. (in Turkish)
30. Popović R., Aleksić A., Stojanović D., Stefanović M. Evaluation of the Physical Fitness Level in Physical Education Female Students Using Eurofit-Test. Int J Sport Sci Phys Educ, 2017, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–15. DOI: 10.11648/ j.ijsspe.20170201
31. R (87) 9. Of the Commitee of Ministers to Member States on the Eurofit Tests of Physical Education, 1987.
32. Radanovic D., Popovic B., Spasic A., Stajer V. Locomotor Skills in 4-Year-Old Preschool Children: Gender Differences. 8th Int Sci Conf Kinesiol, 2017, pp. 732–734.
33. Ramos-sepúlveda J.A., Ramírez-vélez R., Correa-bautista J.E., Izquierdo M. Physical Fitness and Anthropometric Normative Values Among Colombian-Indian Schoolchildren. BMC Public Health, 2016. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3652-2
34. Şahan A. The Effect of Training on Coordination Development in Puberty Period. 1st ed. Ankara, Nobel Publisher, 2017. (in Turkish)
35. Sevim Y. Training Theory. Ankara, Nobel Publishing Distribution, 2012. 468 p. (in Turkish)
36. Tomkinson G.R., Carver K.D., Atkinson F. et al. European Normative Values for Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Aged 9–17 Years: Results from 2 779 165 Eurofit Performances Representing 30 Countries. Br J Sports Med, 2018, vol. 52, no. 22, pp. 1445–1456. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098253
37. Ulaş M. Motor Development Periods. Movement Education. Ankara: Pegem Academy Publ., 2019. 142 p. (in Turkish) DOI: 10.14527/9786052415450
38. World Health Organization (WHO). Growth Reference data for 5–19 Years. Published 2007. Available at: https://www.who.int/growthref/en/ (accessed 8.01.2019).
39. Yalnız F., Oral I. Training Science and Athlete Health. 1th ed. Ankara, Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy TİC.LTD.ŞTİ., 2016. (in Turkish)
40. Yapıcı H. Development of the Motor Characteristics of Children. Movement Education. Ankara, Pegem Academy, 2019, pp. 139–140. DOI: 10.14527/9786052415450. (in Turkish)
References
1. Armstrong N. Top 10 Research Questions Related to Youth Aerobic Fitness. Res Q Exerc Sport, 2017, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 130–148. DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2017.13032982. Barnett L.M., Van Beurden E., Morgan P.J. et al. Gender Differences in Motor Skill Proficiency from Childhood to Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study. Res Q Exerc Sport, 2010, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 162–170. DOI: 10.1080/ 02701367.2010.10599663
3. Bayli I., Way R., Higgs C. et al. Canadian Sport for Life. Sport for Life Society, 2016.
4. Berisha M., Çilli M. Normative Values for Physical Fitness in Children Aged 11–17 in Kosovo. Pedagog. Psychol. Medical-Biological Probl. Phys. Train. Sport, 2018, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 17–27. DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2018.0103
5. Berisha M., Çilli M. Physical Fitness Norms in Student aged 8–17 in Kosovo. Latvia LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2018.
6. Castro-Piñero J., Artero E.G., España-Romero V., Ortega F.B. Criterion-Related Validity of Field-Based Fitness Tests in Youth: A Systematic Review. Br J Sports Med, 2010, vol. 44, no. 13, pp. 934–943. DOI: 10.1136/bjsm. 2009.058321
7. Catley M.J., Tomkinson G.R. Normative Health-Related Fitness Values for Children: Analysis of 85347 Test Results on 9–17-year-old Australians Since 1985. Br J Sports Med, 2013, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 98–108. DOI: 10.1136/ bjsports-2011-090218
8. De Miguel-Etayo P., Gracia-Marco L., Ortega F.B., Intemann T. Physical Fitness Reference Standards in European Children: The IDEFICS Study. Int J Obes, 2014, vol. 38, pp. 57–66. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.136
9. Dictionary.com. Available at: https:// www.dictionary.com/ (accessed 8.01.2019).
10. Erdal Z., Özcan S. Physical Activity and Physical Fitness. Istanbul, Bedray Publishing Distirbution Tur. ve İnş. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti., 2008. (in Turkish)
11. Ergen E., Demirel H., Güner R. et al. Exercise Physiology Textbook. 6th ed. Ankara, Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy TRADE. LTD. Sti., 2017. (in Turkish)
12. Gallahue D.L., Cleland-Donnelly F. Developmental Physical Education for All Chilldren. 4th ed. (Hatzopoulos Joanna, ed.). United States, 2007. pp. 52–57.
13. Gao Z., Wang R. Children’s Motor Skill Competence, Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health Promotion. J Sport Heal Sci, 2019, pp. 95–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.12.002
14. Handbook P. of Europe Conseil De L’ Europe Sport Testing Physical Fitness Experimental Battery, 2011.
15. Harter S.A. Model of Intrinsic Mastery Motivation in Children: Individualdifferences and Developmental Change. 14th ed. New York and London, Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, 1981.
16. Hobold E., Pires-Lopes V., Gómez-Campos R. Miguel de Arruda. Reference Standards to Assess Physical Fitness of Children and Adolescents of Brazil: an Approach to the Students of the Lake Itaipú Region-Brazil. Peer J, 2017, vol. 5, pp. 1–15. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4032
17. Jürimäe T., Volbekiene V. Eurofit Test Results in Estonian and Lithuanian 11 to 17 Year Old Children: A Comparative Study. Eur J Phys Educ, 2006, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 178–184. DOI: 10.1080/1740898980030206
18. Karasek F. Handbook for the EUROFIT Tests of Physical Fitness. Rome: Council of Europe. Committee for the Development of Sport, 1988.
19. Kemper H.C., Mechelen V.V. Physical Fitness Testing of Children: A European Perspective. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 1996, vol. 8, pp. 201–114. DOI: 10.1123/pes.8.3.201
20. Kobercki M., Warwrzynyik S., Rokita A. Fundamental Movement Skills of Six- to Seven-Year-Old Children in the First Grade of Elementary School: A Pilot Study. Balt J Heal Phys Act, 2017, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 22–31. DOI: 10.29359/ BJHPA.09.4.02
21. Léger L.A., Mercier D., Gadoury C., Lambert J. The Multistage 20 Metre Shuttle Run Test for Aerobic Fitness. J Sports Sci, 1988, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 93–101. DOI: 10.1080/02640418808729800
22. Li J. Childrens’s Gross Motor Development from Ages 3 to 10 in Shandong. J Shandong Inst Phys Educ Sport, 2009, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 47–50.
23. Lopes V., Malina R.M., Maia J.A., Rodrigues L.P. Body Mass Index and Motor Coordination: Non-Linear Relationships in Children 6–10 Years. Child Care Health Dev, 2018, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 443–451. DOI: 10.1111/cch.12557
24. Lopes V., Stodden D., Bianchi M., Maia J. Correlation Between BMI and Motor Coordination in Children. J Sci Med Sport, 2012, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 38–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011. 07.005
25. Moreno L.A., Mesana M.I., González M. et al. Anthropometric Body Fat Composition Reference Values in Spanish Adolescents. The AVENA Study. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2006, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 191–196. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602285
26. Muratlı S. Child and Sport. 2th ed. Ankara: Nobel Publishing Distribution, 2007. (in Turkish)
27. Muratlı S., Sahin G., Kalyoncu O. Training and Competition. Istanbul, Yaylım Publishing, 2005. (in Turkish)
28. Oxford Learner’s Dictionares. Available at: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/the-british-academy, Published 2019 (accessed 8.01.2019).
29. Özer D.S., Özer K. Children’s Motor Development. 9th ed. Ankara, Nobel Publishing Academy, 2014. 126 р. (in Turkish)
30. Popović R., Aleksić A., Stojanović D., Stefanović M. Evaluation of the Physical Fitness Level in Physical Education Female Students Using Eurofit-Test. Int J Sport Sci Phys Educ, 2017, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–15. DOI: 10.11648/ j.ijsspe.20170201
31. R (87) 9. Of the Commitee of Ministers to Member States on the Eurofit Tests of Physical Education, 1987.
32. Radanovic D., Popovic B., Spasic A., Stajer V. Locomotor Skills in 4-Year-Old Preschool Children: Gender Differences. 8th Int Sci Conf Kinesiol, 2017, pp. 732–734.
33. Ramos-sepúlveda J.A., Ramírez-vélez R., Correa-bautista J.E., Izquierdo M. Physical Fitness and Anthropometric Normative Values Among Colombian-Indian Schoolchildren. BMC Public Health, 2016. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3652-2
34. Şahan A. The Effect of Training on Coordination Development in Puberty Period. 1st ed. Ankara, Nobel Publisher, 2017. (in Turkish)
35. Sevim Y. Training Theory. Ankara, Nobel Publishing Distribution, 2012. 468 p. (in Turkish)
36. Tomkinson G.R., Carver K.D., Atkinson F. et al. European Normative Values for Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Aged 9–17 Years: Results from 2 779 165 Eurofit Performances Representing 30 Countries. Br J Sports Med, 2018, vol. 52, no. 22, pp. 1445–1456. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098253
37. Ulaş M. Motor Development Periods. Movement Education. Ankara: Pegem Academy Publ., 2019. 142 p. (in Turkish) DOI: 10.14527/9786052415450
38. World Health Organization (WHO). Growth Reference data for 5–19 Years. Published 2007. Available at: https://www.who.int/growthref/en/ (accessed 8.01.2019).
39. Yalnız F., Oral I. Training Science and Athlete Health. 1th ed. Ankara, Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy TİC.LTD.ŞTİ., 2016. (in Turkish)
40. Yapıcı H. Development of the Motor Characteristics of Children. Movement Education. Ankara, Pegem Academy, 2019, pp. 139–140. DOI: 10.14527/9786052415450. (in Turkish)
Опубликован
2021-06-07
Как цитировать
Бериша, М. (2021). НОРМАТИВНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ФИЗИЧЕСКИХ И ПСИХОМОТОРНЫХ НАВЫКОВ У ДЕТЕЙ В ВОЗРАСТЕ ОТ 4 ДО 7 ЛЕТ, ПРОЖИВАЮЩИХ В ТУРЦИИ (САКАРЬЯ). Человек. Спорт. Медицина, 21(1), 94-101. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm210112
Выпуск
Раздел
Спортивная тренировка
Copyright (c) 2021 Человек. Спорт. Медицина
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование — Без производных произведений») 4.0 Всемирная.
