ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ЭКСТРАКТОВ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ
Ключевые слова:
Лекарственные растения, экстракция, биологически активные вещества, антиоксидантная активность, ультразвук
Аннотация
Цель работы. Целью настоящей работы является оценка эффективности извлечения биологически активных веществ антиоксидантного действия из растительного сырья на основе применения различных методов экстракции. Материалы и методы. Проведены химические исследования экстрактов биологически активных веществ из Lonicera caerulea L. и Urtica folia L. По их миграционным параметрам на основе разделения фракций (плоды жимолости) и изменения условий экстрагирования (высушенные листья крапивы). Для сохранения биологически активных веществ жимолостных фракций применялась лиофилизация сырья (использовался аппарат «Иней-6», сушка протекала при следующих условиях: температура –50 ± 5 °С, давление не более 6 Па). Эксперимент включал широкий спектр химических параметров ? антиоксидантная активность (АОА), массовая доля экстрактивных веществ, фенольных соединений, антоцианов и витаминов. Использовался метод ВЭЖХ с применением Shimadzu LC-20AD. Детектор: SPD-M20A. Для определения биологически активных веществ была использована диодная матрица. Результаты и обсуждение. В статье исследовано влияние различных подходов к извлечению биоактивных соединений из Lonicera caerulea L. и Urtica folia L. Применение ультразвука (УЗ) с частотой 22 ± 0,6 кГц повышает эффективность процесса экстракции, что позволяет вести экстракцию при низкой температуре (60 ± 2 °С) без использования химических реагентов. В статье представлены результаты экстракции водным и водно-спиртовым растворами из различных фракций плодов жимолости и высушенных листьев крапивы. Также представлены результаты анализа антиоксидантной активности данных экстрактов. Наибольшей антиоксидантной активностью отличались водный экстракт Urtica folia L., полученный с применением УЗ мощностью 120 Вт (2,4043 ± 0,084 мг/мл), и водно-спиртовой экстракт Urtica folia L. без УЗ (2,5209 ± 0,032 мг/мл). Определены технологические параметры получения сухого экстракта Lonicera caerulea L. с помощью ультразвука и сублимационной сушки с максимальным сохранением биологически активных компонентов сырья (до 92–85 %). Вывод. Результаты эксперимента показали, что ультразвуковая экстракция улучшает кинетику экстракции и выход биоактивных соединений из субстрата. Технология экстракции исключает этап инфузии, что снижает энергоемкость процесса.Литература
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Опубликован
2017-12-01
Как цитировать
Потороко, И., Калинина, И., Науменко, Н., Фаткуллин, Р., Шаик, Ш., Сонавайн, Ш., Иванова, Д., Киселова-Канева, Й., Толстых, О., & Паймулина, А. (2017). ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ЭКСТРАКТОВ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ. Человек. Спорт. Медицина, 17(4), 77-90. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm170409
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