MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN THE STRUCTURE OF ACROBATIC JUMP TRAINING

Abstract

Aim. This investigation aims to evaluate the recuperative effect of picamilon (Akrikhin, Russia) on the kinematic parameters of gymnasts acquiring skills in a roundoff backflip, particularly under stress. Materials and methods. This 4-week study involved gymnasts ranging from 10 to 12 years old (ranks I–II, n = 27), who were allocated through simple random sampling into three distinct cohorts: a control group and two experimental groups receiving either placebo or picamilon (0.10 g) as therapeutic interventions. Pose estimation was performed through the recording of acrobatic techniques via a Panasonic NV-GS 200 digital video camera. Subsequent analysis derived kinematic metrics from these recordings, which were then juxtaposed against one another and benchmarked against those of accomplished athletes, serving as the comparative standard. Results. Modifications in the technical characteristics of movement were identified, undescoring the efficiency of the acrobatic routine. A comparative examination of the kinematic parameters during key poses revealed that following the first week of training (Phase II), athletes exhibited no significant changes from baseline. Across all three groups, there was insignificant improvement in kinematic parameters, without inter-group differences. After two weeks of training, athletes receiving picamilon demonstrated reductions in the angles between the vertical axis and the torso (α₁). Following three weeks of training, these athletes demonstrated further reductions in the angles between the vertical axis and the torso (α₁), as well as between the torso and the head (α₃), along with an increase in the angles within the knee joints (α₅) compared to the first and second groups. By the end of the four-week training period, athletes achieved further optimization of the angles between the torso and shoulder (α₂). Conclusion. Under intense stress and anxiety, picamilon provided a reduced timeframe for skill acquisition and enhanced exercise performance. The administration of the drug allowed the athletes to structure their movements with greater intentionality, actively engaging in the correction of motor actions guided by a “future model” – a predictive framework for the optimal spatial arrangement of the motor system components. This strategic approach ensured the enhanced performance of acrobatic movements.