EFFICIENCY OF TRAINING IN OLYMPIC DIVING AND MOTOR ASYMMETRY

Keywords: Training, training exercises, diving, young athletes, motor asymmetry

Abstract

Aim. The article deals with developing and assessing the method of training in Olympic diving for young athletes, based on the peculiarities of motor asymmetry. Materials and methods. Two groups of young divers participated in the study: the control and experimental groups. Using tensiometry, we assessed the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of upper and lower limbs during jump. Results. We developed a method, based on the integration of various training exercises, aimed at decreasing asymmetry. Exercises for general preparedness were mostly aimed at a subdominant limb. During the next stage, we used choreographic exercises and exercises for special preparedness with a symmetrical structure of performance to cope with the asymmetry of precise movements during take-off. The final stage consisted of basic jumps on floor mats, trampoline and from the springboard, which improved the quality and pace of acquiring diving techniques. During the training based on the method proposed young divers should memorize and reproduce movements, paying attention to their symmetry, in particular, to the symmetry of movements during take-off. The pedagogical experiment proved the decrease of asymmetry in general and during take-off in particular. Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrate a positive influence of this innovative method on the training of young divers. We registered the decrease of time for acquiring skills and the increase of the overall quality of jump performance.

References

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12. Akpinar S., Sainburg R.L., Kirazci S., Przybyla A. Motor Asymmetry in Elite Fencers. J Mot Behav, 2015, vol. 47 (4), pp. 302–311. DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2014.981500
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14. Sannicandro I., Cofano G., Rosa Ra., Piccinno A. Balance Training Exercises Decrease Lower-Limb Strength Asymmetry in Young Tennis Players. J Sports Sci Med, 2014, vol. 13(2), pp. 397–402.
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16. Exell T.A., Robinson G., Irwin G. Asymmetry Analysis of the Arm Segments During Forward Handspring on Floor. Eur J Sport Sci, 2016, vol. 16 (5), pp. 545–552. DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1115558
17. King A.C., Wang Z. Asymmetrical Stabilization and Mobilization Exploited During Static Single Leg Stance and Goal Directed Kicking. Hum Mov Sci, 2017, vol. 54, pp. 182–190. DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2017.05.004
18. Frutuoso A.S., Diefenthaeler F., Vaz M.A., de L. Freitas C. Lower Limb Asymmetries in Rhythmic Gymnastics Athletes. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 2016, vol. 11 (1), pp. 34–43.
19. Castaner M., Andueza J., Hileno R., Puigarnau S. et al. Profiles of Motor Laterality in Young Athletes' Performance of Complex Movements: Merging the MOTORLAT and PATHoops Tools. Front Psychol, 2018, vol. 9, p. 916.
20. Exell T., Irwin G., Gittoes M., Kerwin D. Strength and Performance Asymmetry During Maximal Velocity Sprint Running. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2017, vol. 27 (11), pp. 1273-1282. DOI: 10.1111/sms.12759
21. Brown S.R., Feldman E.R., Cross M.R., Helms E.R. et al. The Potential for a Targeted Strength-Training Program to Decrease Asymmetry and Increase Performance: A Proof of Concept in Sprinting. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2017, vol. 12 (10), pp. 1392–1395. DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0590

References on translit

1. Berdichevskaya E.M. [Profile of Hemispheric Asymmetry and Motor Qualities]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul’tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2014, no. 9, p. 43. (in Russ.)
2. Bugayets Ya.E., Aleksanyants G.D., Tantsura M.N. [Peculiarities of Power Qualities of Qualified Tae Kwon Doists Taking Into Account Motor Asymmetry]. Fizicheskaya kul’tura, sport – nauka i praktika [Physical Culture, Sport – Science and Practice], 2018, no. 2, pp. 73–79. (in Russ.)
3. Gorskaya I.Yu., Pushkin A.S., Bulushev S.O. [Coordination Training of Athletes Taking Into Account the Type of Interhemispheric Interaction]. Sovremennyye zdorov’yesberegayushchiye tekhnologii [Modern Health-Saving Technologies], 2016, no. 2 (3), pp. 23–33. (in Russ.)
4. Grabinenko E.V., Zhurba V.V. [Features of the Functional Asymmetry of the Brain and the Lateralization Coefficient of Athletes Depending on the Specialization]. Zdorov’ye cheloveka, teoriya i metodika fizicheskoy kul’tury i sporta [Human Health, Theory and Methods of Physical Culture and Sports], 2017, no. 3 (6), pp. 22–34. (in Russ.)
5. Eganov A.V., Chemerchey O.A. [Orientation of Pedagogical Influences at Different Levels of Individual Manifestation of the Motor Dichotomy of Limbs Among Athletes Engaged in Applied Forms of Martial Arts]. Sovremennyye naukoyemkiye tekhnologii [Modern High Technologies], 2018, no. 2, pp. 137–141. (in Russ.)
6. Ivanov O.I., Antsyperov V.V., Sentyabrev N.N. [Features of Motor Asymmetry in the Technique of Diving]. Sovremennyye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya [Modern Problems of Science and Education], 2012, no. 4, p. 239. (in Russ.)
7. Karantysh G.V., Kosenko Yu.V., Dmitrenko L.M., Mendzheritskiy A.M., Nabiyeva K.N. [The Influence of Table Tennis on the Coordination of the Muscles of the Hands of Boys 9-15 Years Old with a Different Profile of Sensorimotor Asymmetry]. Fizicheskaya kul’tura: vospitaniye, obrazovaniye, trenirovka [Physical Education. Education, Training], 2015, no. 5. Available at: http://www.teoriya.ru/ru/node/3687
8. Litvinenko Yu., Sadovski E., Nizhnikovski T., Boloban V. [Biomechanical Characteristics of the Static-Dynamic Stability of Highly Qualified Athletes]. Nauka v olimpiyskom sporte [Science in Olympic Sport], 2014, no. 4, pp. 74–78. (in Russ.)
9. Sychev V.S., Davydova S.S., Kashkarov V.A. [Functional Asymmetry in Sports]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul’tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2017, no. 11, pp. 69–71. (in Russ.)
10. Khudik S.S., Chikurov A.I., Voynich A.L., Radayeva S.V. [Functional Asymmetry as a Biological Phenomenon Associated with a Sports Result]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Tomsk State University Bulletin], 2017, no. 421, pp. 193–202. (in Russ.)
11. Cherenkova L.V., Berdichevskaya E.M. [Central Regulation of Postural Stability in Qualified Canoeists Using a Left-Sided Rack]. Fizicheskaya kul’tura, sport – nauka i praktika [Physical Culture, Sport – Science and Practice], 2018, no. 1, pp. 69–75. (in Russ.)
12. Akpinar S., Sainburg R.L., Kirazci S., Przybyla A. Motor Asymmetry in Elite Fencers. J Mot Behav, 2015, vol. 47 (4), pp. 302–311. DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2014.981500
13. Vieira O.Jr., Coelho D.B., Teixeira L.A. Asymmetric Balance Control Between Legs for Quiet But Not for Perturbed Stance. Exp Brain Res, 2014, vol. 232 (10), pp. 3269–3276. DOI: 10.1007/s00221-014-4018-6
14. Sannicandro I., Cofano G., Rosa Ra., Piccinno A. Balance Training Exercises Decrease Lower-Limb Strength Asymmetry in Young Tennis Players. J Sports Sci Med, 2014, vol. 13(2), pp. 397–402.
15. Bishop C., Turner A., Read P. Effects of Inter-Limb Asymmetries on Physical and Sports Performance: a Systematic Review. J Sports Sci, 2018, vol. 36 (10), pp. 1135–1144. DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1361894
16. Exell T.A., Robinson G., Irwin G. Asymmetry Analysis of the Arm Segments During Forward Handspring on Floor. Eur J Sport Sci, 2016, vol. 16 (5), pp. 545–552. DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1115558
17. King A.C., Wang Z. Asymmetrical Stabilization and Mobilization Exploited During Static Single Leg Stance and Goal Directed Kicking. Hum Mov Sci, 2017, vol. 54, pp. 182–190. DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2017.05.004
18. Frutuoso A.S., Diefenthaeler F., Vaz M.A., de L. Freitas C. Lower Limb Asymmetries in Rhythmic Gymnastics Athletes. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 2016, vol. 11 (1), pp. 34–43.
19. Castaner M., Andueza J., Hileno R., Puigarnau S. et al. Profiles of Motor Laterality in Young Athletes' Performance of Complex Movements: Merging the MOTORLAT and PATHoops Tools. Front Psychol, 2018, vol. 9, p. 916.
20. Exell T., Irwin G., Gittoes M., Kerwin D. Strength and Performance Asymmetry During Maximal Velocity Sprint Running. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2017, vol. 27 (11), pp. 1273-1282. DOI: 10.1111/sms.12759
21. Brown S.R., Feldman E.R., Cross M.R., Helms E.R. et al. The Potential for a Targeted Strength-Training Program to Decrease Asymmetry and Increase Performance: A Proof of Concept in Sprinting. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2017, vol. 12 (10), pp. 1392–1395. DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0590
Published
2018-11-01
How to Cite
Antsyperov, V., Sentiabrev, N., & Novikov, O. (2018). EFFICIENCY OF TRAINING IN OLYMPIC DIVING AND MOTOR ASYMMETRY. Human. Sport. Medicine, 18(S), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm18s12
Section
Sports training