MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND HANDGRIP MUSCLE FORCE CONTRACTILE CHARACTERISTICS IN THE FIRST SELECTION LEVEL IN WATER POLO: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN U15 WATER POLO PLAYERS AND THE CONTROL GROUP
Keywords:
Water polo, anthropometric characteristics, U15, hand grip, maximal force, rate of force development, selection in sport
Abstract
Aim. The research aimed to highlight the importance of morphological parameters and handgrip muscle force contractility in the selection of fifteen-year-old water polo players of various performance levels. Materials and Methods. The present research was conducted with a sample of 103 examinees, 37 out of whom belonged to the control group (CG), 33 were U15 water polo national league players (WNL), and 33 were water polo players from Serbian U15 national team (WNT). Besides the basic morphological parameters, the contractile properties of the left and right handgrip muscle force (HG_L and HG_R) were measured exploring two separate dimensions of contractility: maximal muscle force – Fmax, and maximal explosive force – RFDmax. Results. The research results showed the existence of a general statistically significant difference between the three groups of participants, both in morphological space (Wilks' Lambda Value: 0.333, F relation: 11.61, p = 0.000) and in muscle force and explosivity (Wilks' Lambda Value: 0.590, F relation: 3.31, p = 0.000). In addition, the results indicated that the WNT players had higher values of Fmax and RFDmax than the CG participants (32.8% for Fmax_HG_R and 63.7% for RFDmax_HG_R) and the WNL players (28.8% for Fmax_HG_L and 43.0% for RFDmax_HG_R). This suggests that the higher values of handgrip maximal explosive force and maximal muscle force may be attributed to adaptive training effects on their upper extremities. Conclusion. The results of the present study suggest that the contractile characteristics of the handgrip muscle force (Fmax and RFDmax) as well as morphological parameters (body height and body mass) are significant in the selection of U15 water polo players.References
1. Aleksandrovic M., Naumovski A., Radovanovic D., Georgiev G., & Popovski D. The Influence of Basic Motor Abilities and Anthropometric Measures on the Specific Motor Skills of Talented Water Polo Players. Facta Universitatis-series: Physical Education and Sport, 2007, no. 5 (1), pp. 65–74.
2. Bao S., Silverstein B. Estimation of Hand Force in Ergonomic Job Evaluations. Ergonomics, 2005, no. 48 (3), pp. 288–301.
3. Vila H., Ferragut C., Argudo F.M., Abraldes J.A., Rodriguez N., Alacid F. Relationship Between Anthropometric Parameters and Throwing Velocity in Water Polo Players. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2009, no. 4 (1), pp. 57–68.
4. Garrido R.J., Silva A.J., Fernandes R.J., Barbosa T.M., Costa A.M., Marinho D.A., Marques M.C. High Level Swimming Performance and Its Relation to Non-Specific Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study on Maximum Handgrip Isometrics Strength. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2012, no. 114 (3), pp. 936–948. DOI 10.2466/05.10.25.PMS.114.3.936-948
5. Geladas N.D., Nassis G.P., Pavlicevic S. Somatic and Physical Traits Affecting Sprint Swimming Performance in Young Swimmers. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2005, no. 26, pp. 139–144. DOI 10.1055/s-2004-817862
6. Davies B., Greenwood E.J., Jones S. Gender Difference in the Relationship of Performance in the Handgrip and Standing Long Jump Tests to Lean Limb Volume in Young Adults. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 1988, no. 58 (3), рр. 315–320.
7. Dopsaj, M., & Ivanovic, J. The Analysis of the Reliability and Factorial Validity in the Basic Characteristics of Isometric F-t Curve of the Leg Extensors in Well Trained Serbian Males and Females. Measurement Science Review, 2011, no. 11 (5), pp. 165–172.
8. Dopsaj M. (2010). Karakteristike Ft krive: Analiticki i dijagnosticki znacaj u sportu. U Stankovic, R. (Ur.). Zbornik radova sa: XIV Medunarodni naucni skup FIS Komunikacije, 36–51.
9. Dopsaj M., Ivanovic J., Blagojevic M., Vuckovic G. Descriptive, functional and sexual dimorphism of explosive isometric hand grip force in healthy university students in Serbia. Facta Universitatis-series: Physical Education and Sport, 2009, no. 7 (2), pp. 125–139.
10. Dopsaj M., Aleksandrovic M. Basic Anthropometrical Characteristic of Elite Senior Serbian Water Polo Players According to Field Position. International Journal of Fitness (A Journal of the Fitness Society of India), 2009, no. 52, pp. 47–57.
11. Dopsaj M., Madic D., Okicic T. The Assessment of the Acquisition of Various Crawl Style Modes in Water Polo Players with Respect to Age and Competitive Levels. Facta Universitatis series: Physical Education and Sport, 2007, no. 5 (2), pp. 109–120.
12. Espana-Romero V., Ortega F.B., Vicente-Rodriguez G., Artero E.G., Rey J.P., Ruiz J.R. Elbow Position Affects Handgrip Strength in Adolescents: Validity and Reliability of Jamar, DynEx, and TKK dynamometers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2010, no. 24 (1), pp. 272–277.
13. Ferragut C., Vila H., Abraldes J.A., Argudo F., Rodriguez N., Alcaraz P.E. Relationship Among Maximal Grip, Throwing Velocity and Anthropometric Parameters in Elite Water Polo Players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2011, no. 51 (1), pp. 26–32.
14. Frederiksen H., Gaist D., Christian Petersen H., Hjelmborg J., McGue M., Vaupel J.W., Christensen K. Hand Grip Strength: A Phenotype Suitable for Identifying Genetic Variants Affecting Mid- and Late-Life Physical Functioning. Genetic Epidemiology, 2002, no. 23 (2), pp. 110–122.
15. Hager-Ross C., Rosblad B. Norms for Grip Strength in Children Aged 4–16 Years. Acta Paediatrica, 2002, no. 91 (6), pp. 617–625.
16. Hair J., Anderson R., Tatham R., Black W. Multivariate Data Analysis (5th ed.). New Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall. Inc., 1998.
17. Hans-Volkhart U. Complex of an athletic fitness with respect to selection and talent prognosis from a physiological point of view. Medicina Sportiva, 2004, no. 8 (2), pp. 45–52.
18. Koprivica V. Teorija Sportskog Treninga. Multigraf, Beograd, 2002. (in Serbian)
19. Knezevic O., Mirkov D., Kadija M., Nedeljkovic A., Jaric S. Asymmetries in Explosive Strength Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Knee, 2014, no. 21, pp. 1039–1045.
20. Lozovina, V., Pavicic, L. Anthropometric Changes in Elite Male Water Polo Players: Survey in 1980 and 1995. Croatian Medical Journal, 2004, no. 45 (2), pp. 202–205.
21. MacDougall J.D., Wenger H.A., Green H.J. Physiological Testing of the High-Performance Athlete. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Books, 1991.
22. Mazza J., Ackland T., Bach T., Cosolito P. Absolute Body Size. Kineanthropometry in Aquatic Sports. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 1994, pp. 15–54.
23. Milisic, B. Efficiency in Sport and Training Management Theory. Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences, 2007, no. 1 (1), pp. 1–7.
24. Milishich B. Upravleniye trenirovkoy: uchebno-metodicheskoye posobiye [Management of Training. Educational-Methodical Manual]. St. Petersburg, Olimp Publ., 2007. (In Russ.)
25. Nicolay C.W., Walker A.L. Grip Strength and Endurance: Influences of Anthropometric Variation, Hand Dominance, and Gender. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2005, no. 35 (7), pp. 605–618.
26. Norton K.I., Marfell-Jones N., Kerr D., Kerr L.E., Carter L.K., Soddington K., Gore C., Lorraine K. Anthropometric Assessment Protocols (3rd Ed.), Canbera: Australian Sports Commission, 1998.
27. Platanou, T. Time-Motion Analysis of International Level Water Polo Players. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 2004, no. 46 (4), pp. 319–332.
28. Sahaly R., Vandewalle H., Driss T. and Monod H. Maximal Voluntary Force and Rate of Force Development in Humans – Importance of Instruction. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2001, no. 85, pp. 345–350.
29. Silva A.J., Costa A.M., Oliveira P.M., Reis V.M., Saavedra J., Perl J., Rouboa A., Marinho D.A. The Use of Neural Network Technology to Model Swimming Performance. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 2007, no. 6 (1), pp. 117–125.
30. Tsekouras Y.E., Kavouras S.A., Campagna A., Kotsis Y.P., Syntosi S.S., Papazoglou K., & Sidossis L.S. The Anthropometrical and Physiological Characteristics of Elite Water Polo Players. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2005, no. 95 (1), pp. 35–41.
31. Wind A.E., Takken T., Helders P.J., Engelbert R.H. Is Grip Strength a Predictor for Total Muscle Strength in Healthy Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults? European Journal of Pediatrics, 2010, no. 169 (3), pp. 281–287.
32. Yan J.H., Downing J.H. Effects of Aging, Grip Span, and Grip Style on Hand Strength. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2001, no. 72 (1), pp. 71–77.
2. Bao S., Silverstein B. Estimation of Hand Force in Ergonomic Job Evaluations. Ergonomics, 2005, no. 48 (3), pp. 288–301.
3. Vila H., Ferragut C., Argudo F.M., Abraldes J.A., Rodriguez N., Alacid F. Relationship Between Anthropometric Parameters and Throwing Velocity in Water Polo Players. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2009, no. 4 (1), pp. 57–68.
4. Garrido R.J., Silva A.J., Fernandes R.J., Barbosa T.M., Costa A.M., Marinho D.A., Marques M.C. High Level Swimming Performance and Its Relation to Non-Specific Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study on Maximum Handgrip Isometrics Strength. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2012, no. 114 (3), pp. 936–948. DOI 10.2466/05.10.25.PMS.114.3.936-948
5. Geladas N.D., Nassis G.P., Pavlicevic S. Somatic and Physical Traits Affecting Sprint Swimming Performance in Young Swimmers. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2005, no. 26, pp. 139–144. DOI 10.1055/s-2004-817862
6. Davies B., Greenwood E.J., Jones S. Gender Difference in the Relationship of Performance in the Handgrip and Standing Long Jump Tests to Lean Limb Volume in Young Adults. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 1988, no. 58 (3), рр. 315–320.
7. Dopsaj, M., & Ivanovic, J. The Analysis of the Reliability and Factorial Validity in the Basic Characteristics of Isometric F-t Curve of the Leg Extensors in Well Trained Serbian Males and Females. Measurement Science Review, 2011, no. 11 (5), pp. 165–172.
8. Dopsaj M. (2010). Karakteristike Ft krive: Analiticki i dijagnosticki znacaj u sportu. U Stankovic, R. (Ur.). Zbornik radova sa: XIV Medunarodni naucni skup FIS Komunikacije, 36–51.
9. Dopsaj M., Ivanovic J., Blagojevic M., Vuckovic G. Descriptive, functional and sexual dimorphism of explosive isometric hand grip force in healthy university students in Serbia. Facta Universitatis-series: Physical Education and Sport, 2009, no. 7 (2), pp. 125–139.
10. Dopsaj M., Aleksandrovic M. Basic Anthropometrical Characteristic of Elite Senior Serbian Water Polo Players According to Field Position. International Journal of Fitness (A Journal of the Fitness Society of India), 2009, no. 52, pp. 47–57.
11. Dopsaj M., Madic D., Okicic T. The Assessment of the Acquisition of Various Crawl Style Modes in Water Polo Players with Respect to Age and Competitive Levels. Facta Universitatis series: Physical Education and Sport, 2007, no. 5 (2), pp. 109–120.
12. Espana-Romero V., Ortega F.B., Vicente-Rodriguez G., Artero E.G., Rey J.P., Ruiz J.R. Elbow Position Affects Handgrip Strength in Adolescents: Validity and Reliability of Jamar, DynEx, and TKK dynamometers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2010, no. 24 (1), pp. 272–277.
13. Ferragut C., Vila H., Abraldes J.A., Argudo F., Rodriguez N., Alcaraz P.E. Relationship Among Maximal Grip, Throwing Velocity and Anthropometric Parameters in Elite Water Polo Players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2011, no. 51 (1), pp. 26–32.
14. Frederiksen H., Gaist D., Christian Petersen H., Hjelmborg J., McGue M., Vaupel J.W., Christensen K. Hand Grip Strength: A Phenotype Suitable for Identifying Genetic Variants Affecting Mid- and Late-Life Physical Functioning. Genetic Epidemiology, 2002, no. 23 (2), pp. 110–122.
15. Hager-Ross C., Rosblad B. Norms for Grip Strength in Children Aged 4–16 Years. Acta Paediatrica, 2002, no. 91 (6), pp. 617–625.
16. Hair J., Anderson R., Tatham R., Black W. Multivariate Data Analysis (5th ed.). New Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall. Inc., 1998.
17. Hans-Volkhart U. Complex of an athletic fitness with respect to selection and talent prognosis from a physiological point of view. Medicina Sportiva, 2004, no. 8 (2), pp. 45–52.
18. Koprivica V. Teorija Sportskog Treninga. Multigraf, Beograd, 2002. (in Serbian)
19. Knezevic O., Mirkov D., Kadija M., Nedeljkovic A., Jaric S. Asymmetries in Explosive Strength Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Knee, 2014, no. 21, pp. 1039–1045.
20. Lozovina, V., Pavicic, L. Anthropometric Changes in Elite Male Water Polo Players: Survey in 1980 and 1995. Croatian Medical Journal, 2004, no. 45 (2), pp. 202–205.
21. MacDougall J.D., Wenger H.A., Green H.J. Physiological Testing of the High-Performance Athlete. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Books, 1991.
22. Mazza J., Ackland T., Bach T., Cosolito P. Absolute Body Size. Kineanthropometry in Aquatic Sports. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 1994, pp. 15–54.
23. Milisic, B. Efficiency in Sport and Training Management Theory. Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences, 2007, no. 1 (1), pp. 1–7.
24. Milishich B. Upravleniye trenirovkoy: uchebno-metodicheskoye posobiye [Management of Training. Educational-Methodical Manual]. St. Petersburg, Olimp Publ., 2007. (In Russ.)
25. Nicolay C.W., Walker A.L. Grip Strength and Endurance: Influences of Anthropometric Variation, Hand Dominance, and Gender. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2005, no. 35 (7), pp. 605–618.
26. Norton K.I., Marfell-Jones N., Kerr D., Kerr L.E., Carter L.K., Soddington K., Gore C., Lorraine K. Anthropometric Assessment Protocols (3rd Ed.), Canbera: Australian Sports Commission, 1998.
27. Platanou, T. Time-Motion Analysis of International Level Water Polo Players. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 2004, no. 46 (4), pp. 319–332.
28. Sahaly R., Vandewalle H., Driss T. and Monod H. Maximal Voluntary Force and Rate of Force Development in Humans – Importance of Instruction. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2001, no. 85, pp. 345–350.
29. Silva A.J., Costa A.M., Oliveira P.M., Reis V.M., Saavedra J., Perl J., Rouboa A., Marinho D.A. The Use of Neural Network Technology to Model Swimming Performance. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 2007, no. 6 (1), pp. 117–125.
30. Tsekouras Y.E., Kavouras S.A., Campagna A., Kotsis Y.P., Syntosi S.S., Papazoglou K., & Sidossis L.S. The Anthropometrical and Physiological Characteristics of Elite Water Polo Players. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2005, no. 95 (1), pp. 35–41.
31. Wind A.E., Takken T., Helders P.J., Engelbert R.H. Is Grip Strength a Predictor for Total Muscle Strength in Healthy Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults? European Journal of Pediatrics, 2010, no. 169 (3), pp. 281–287.
32. Yan J.H., Downing J.H. Effects of Aging, Grip Span, and Grip Style on Hand Strength. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2001, no. 72 (1), pp. 71–77.
2. Bao S., Silverstein B. Estimation of Hand Force in Ergonomic Job Evaluations. Ergonomics, 2005, no. 48 (3), pp. 288–301.
3. Vila H., Ferragut C., Argudo F.M., Abraldes J.A., Rodriguez N., Alacid F. Relationship Between Anthropometric Parameters and Throwing Velocity in Water Polo Players. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2009, no. 4 (1), pp. 57–68.
4. Garrido R.J., Silva A.J., Fernandes R.J., Barbosa T.M., Costa A.M., Marinho D.A., Marques M.C. High Level Swimming Performance and Its Relation to Non-Specific Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study on Maximum Handgrip Isometrics Strength. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2012, no. 114 (3), pp. 936–948. DOI 10.2466/05.10.25.PMS.114.3.936-948
5. Geladas N.D., Nassis G.P., Pavlicevic S. Somatic and Physical Traits Affecting Sprint Swimming Performance in Young Swimmers. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2005, no. 26, pp. 139–144. DOI 10.1055/s-2004-817862
6. Davies B., Greenwood E.J., Jones S. Gender Difference in the Relationship of Performance in the Handgrip and Standing Long Jump Tests to Lean Limb Volume in Young Adults. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 1988, no. 58 (3), рр. 315–320.
7. Dopsaj, M., & Ivanovic, J. The Analysis of the Reliability and Factorial Validity in the Basic Characteristics of Isometric F-t Curve of the Leg Extensors in Well Trained Serbian Males and Females. Measurement Science Review, 2011, no. 11 (5), pp. 165–172.
8. Dopsaj M. (2010). Karakteristike Ft krive: Analiticki i dijagnosticki znacaj u sportu. U Stankovic, R. (Ur.). Zbornik radova sa: XIV Medunarodni naucni skup FIS Komunikacije, 36–51.
9. Dopsaj M., Ivanovic J., Blagojevic M., Vuckovic G. Descriptive, functional and sexual dimorphism of explosive isometric hand grip force in healthy university students in Serbia. Facta Universitatis-series: Physical Education and Sport, 2009, no. 7 (2), pp. 125–139.
10. Dopsaj M., Aleksandrovic M. Basic Anthropometrical Characteristic of Elite Senior Serbian Water Polo Players According to Field Position. International Journal of Fitness (A Journal of the Fitness Society of India), 2009, no. 52, pp. 47–57.
11. Dopsaj M., Madic D., Okicic T. The Assessment of the Acquisition of Various Crawl Style Modes in Water Polo Players with Respect to Age and Competitive Levels. Facta Universitatis series: Physical Education and Sport, 2007, no. 5 (2), pp. 109–120.
12. Espana-Romero V., Ortega F.B., Vicente-Rodriguez G., Artero E.G., Rey J.P., Ruiz J.R. Elbow Position Affects Handgrip Strength in Adolescents: Validity and Reliability of Jamar, DynEx, and TKK dynamometers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2010, no. 24 (1), pp. 272–277.
13. Ferragut C., Vila H., Abraldes J.A., Argudo F., Rodriguez N., Alcaraz P.E. Relationship Among Maximal Grip, Throwing Velocity and Anthropometric Parameters in Elite Water Polo Players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2011, no. 51 (1), pp. 26–32.
14. Frederiksen H., Gaist D., Christian Petersen H., Hjelmborg J., McGue M., Vaupel J.W., Christensen K. Hand Grip Strength: A Phenotype Suitable for Identifying Genetic Variants Affecting Mid- and Late-Life Physical Functioning. Genetic Epidemiology, 2002, no. 23 (2), pp. 110–122.
15. Hager-Ross C., Rosblad B. Norms for Grip Strength in Children Aged 4–16 Years. Acta Paediatrica, 2002, no. 91 (6), pp. 617–625.
16. Hair J., Anderson R., Tatham R., Black W. Multivariate Data Analysis (5th ed.). New Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall. Inc., 1998.
17. Hans-Volkhart U. Complex of an athletic fitness with respect to selection and talent prognosis from a physiological point of view. Medicina Sportiva, 2004, no. 8 (2), pp. 45–52.
18. Koprivica V. Teorija Sportskog Treninga. Multigraf, Beograd, 2002. (in Serbian)
19. Knezevic O., Mirkov D., Kadija M., Nedeljkovic A., Jaric S. Asymmetries in Explosive Strength Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Knee, 2014, no. 21, pp. 1039–1045.
20. Lozovina, V., Pavicic, L. Anthropometric Changes in Elite Male Water Polo Players: Survey in 1980 and 1995. Croatian Medical Journal, 2004, no. 45 (2), pp. 202–205.
21. MacDougall J.D., Wenger H.A., Green H.J. Physiological Testing of the High-Performance Athlete. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Books, 1991.
22. Mazza J., Ackland T., Bach T., Cosolito P. Absolute Body Size. Kineanthropometry in Aquatic Sports. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 1994, pp. 15–54.
23. Milisic, B. Efficiency in Sport and Training Management Theory. Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences, 2007, no. 1 (1), pp. 1–7.
24. Milishich B. Upravleniye trenirovkoy: uchebno-metodicheskoye posobiye [Management of Training. Educational-Methodical Manual]. St. Petersburg, Olimp Publ., 2007. (In Russ.)
25. Nicolay C.W., Walker A.L. Grip Strength and Endurance: Influences of Anthropometric Variation, Hand Dominance, and Gender. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2005, no. 35 (7), pp. 605–618.
26. Norton K.I., Marfell-Jones N., Kerr D., Kerr L.E., Carter L.K., Soddington K., Gore C., Lorraine K. Anthropometric Assessment Protocols (3rd Ed.), Canbera: Australian Sports Commission, 1998.
27. Platanou, T. Time-Motion Analysis of International Level Water Polo Players. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 2004, no. 46 (4), pp. 319–332.
28. Sahaly R., Vandewalle H., Driss T. and Monod H. Maximal Voluntary Force and Rate of Force Development in Humans – Importance of Instruction. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2001, no. 85, pp. 345–350.
29. Silva A.J., Costa A.M., Oliveira P.M., Reis V.M., Saavedra J., Perl J., Rouboa A., Marinho D.A. The Use of Neural Network Technology to Model Swimming Performance. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 2007, no. 6 (1), pp. 117–125.
30. Tsekouras Y.E., Kavouras S.A., Campagna A., Kotsis Y.P., Syntosi S.S., Papazoglou K., & Sidossis L.S. The Anthropometrical and Physiological Characteristics of Elite Water Polo Players. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2005, no. 95 (1), pp. 35–41.
31. Wind A.E., Takken T., Helders P.J., Engelbert R.H. Is Grip Strength a Predictor for Total Muscle Strength in Healthy Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults? European Journal of Pediatrics, 2010, no. 169 (3), pp. 281–287.
32. Yan J.H., Downing J.H. Effects of Aging, Grip Span, and Grip Style on Hand Strength. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2001, no. 72 (1), pp. 71–77.
References on translit
1. Aleksandrovic M., Naumovski A., Radovanovic D., Georgiev G., & Popovski D. The Influence of Basic Motor Abilities and Anthropometric Measures on the Specific Motor Skills of Talented Water Polo Players. Facta Universitatis-series: Physical Education and Sport, 2007, no. 5 (1), pp. 65–74.2. Bao S., Silverstein B. Estimation of Hand Force in Ergonomic Job Evaluations. Ergonomics, 2005, no. 48 (3), pp. 288–301.
3. Vila H., Ferragut C., Argudo F.M., Abraldes J.A., Rodriguez N., Alacid F. Relationship Between Anthropometric Parameters and Throwing Velocity in Water Polo Players. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2009, no. 4 (1), pp. 57–68.
4. Garrido R.J., Silva A.J., Fernandes R.J., Barbosa T.M., Costa A.M., Marinho D.A., Marques M.C. High Level Swimming Performance and Its Relation to Non-Specific Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study on Maximum Handgrip Isometrics Strength. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2012, no. 114 (3), pp. 936–948. DOI 10.2466/05.10.25.PMS.114.3.936-948
5. Geladas N.D., Nassis G.P., Pavlicevic S. Somatic and Physical Traits Affecting Sprint Swimming Performance in Young Swimmers. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2005, no. 26, pp. 139–144. DOI 10.1055/s-2004-817862
6. Davies B., Greenwood E.J., Jones S. Gender Difference in the Relationship of Performance in the Handgrip and Standing Long Jump Tests to Lean Limb Volume in Young Adults. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 1988, no. 58 (3), рр. 315–320.
7. Dopsaj, M., & Ivanovic, J. The Analysis of the Reliability and Factorial Validity in the Basic Characteristics of Isometric F-t Curve of the Leg Extensors in Well Trained Serbian Males and Females. Measurement Science Review, 2011, no. 11 (5), pp. 165–172.
8. Dopsaj M. (2010). Karakteristike Ft krive: Analiticki i dijagnosticki znacaj u sportu. U Stankovic, R. (Ur.). Zbornik radova sa: XIV Medunarodni naucni skup FIS Komunikacije, 36–51.
9. Dopsaj M., Ivanovic J., Blagojevic M., Vuckovic G. Descriptive, functional and sexual dimorphism of explosive isometric hand grip force in healthy university students in Serbia. Facta Universitatis-series: Physical Education and Sport, 2009, no. 7 (2), pp. 125–139.
10. Dopsaj M., Aleksandrovic M. Basic Anthropometrical Characteristic of Elite Senior Serbian Water Polo Players According to Field Position. International Journal of Fitness (A Journal of the Fitness Society of India), 2009, no. 52, pp. 47–57.
11. Dopsaj M., Madic D., Okicic T. The Assessment of the Acquisition of Various Crawl Style Modes in Water Polo Players with Respect to Age and Competitive Levels. Facta Universitatis series: Physical Education and Sport, 2007, no. 5 (2), pp. 109–120.
12. Espana-Romero V., Ortega F.B., Vicente-Rodriguez G., Artero E.G., Rey J.P., Ruiz J.R. Elbow Position Affects Handgrip Strength in Adolescents: Validity and Reliability of Jamar, DynEx, and TKK dynamometers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2010, no. 24 (1), pp. 272–277.
13. Ferragut C., Vila H., Abraldes J.A., Argudo F., Rodriguez N., Alcaraz P.E. Relationship Among Maximal Grip, Throwing Velocity and Anthropometric Parameters in Elite Water Polo Players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2011, no. 51 (1), pp. 26–32.
14. Frederiksen H., Gaist D., Christian Petersen H., Hjelmborg J., McGue M., Vaupel J.W., Christensen K. Hand Grip Strength: A Phenotype Suitable for Identifying Genetic Variants Affecting Mid- and Late-Life Physical Functioning. Genetic Epidemiology, 2002, no. 23 (2), pp. 110–122.
15. Hager-Ross C., Rosblad B. Norms for Grip Strength in Children Aged 4–16 Years. Acta Paediatrica, 2002, no. 91 (6), pp. 617–625.
16. Hair J., Anderson R., Tatham R., Black W. Multivariate Data Analysis (5th ed.). New Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall. Inc., 1998.
17. Hans-Volkhart U. Complex of an athletic fitness with respect to selection and talent prognosis from a physiological point of view. Medicina Sportiva, 2004, no. 8 (2), pp. 45–52.
18. Koprivica V. Teorija Sportskog Treninga. Multigraf, Beograd, 2002. (in Serbian)
19. Knezevic O., Mirkov D., Kadija M., Nedeljkovic A., Jaric S. Asymmetries in Explosive Strength Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Knee, 2014, no. 21, pp. 1039–1045.
20. Lozovina, V., Pavicic, L. Anthropometric Changes in Elite Male Water Polo Players: Survey in 1980 and 1995. Croatian Medical Journal, 2004, no. 45 (2), pp. 202–205.
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Published
2018-09-01
How to Cite
Dopsaj, M., Mijalkovski, Z., Vasilovski, N., Copic, N., Brzakovic, M., & Markovic, M. (2018). MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND HANDGRIP MUSCLE FORCE CONTRACTILE CHARACTERISTICS IN THE FIRST SELECTION LEVEL IN WATER POLO: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN U15 WATER POLO PLAYERS AND THE CONTROL GROUP. Human. Sport. Medicine, 18(3), 5-15. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm180301
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Section
Physiology
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