CONTROL OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL AND METABOLIC STATE IN YOUNG SWIMMERS
Keywords:
Functional and metabolic reactions, huge training loads, young swimmers, forecast of sport performance.
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this article is to conduct the monitoring of morphofunctional and metabolic state in young swimmers at the final stages of preparation to socially significant competitions. Materials and methods. We examined young swimmers aged 12–16 years from learning and training groups and the groups of sports improvement having 3rd–2nd ranks (12.25 ± 0.50 years), 1st–2nd ranks (14.88 ± 0.39 years) or the Candidate in Masters of Sports and Master of Sports qualification (16.00 ± 0.26 years). Each age group consisted of 15 teenagers and girls. Sport experience in swimming was from 5 to 8 years. The examination was conducted in the Research center for sports science at the final stages of preparation to socially significant competitions. We used Tanita diagnostic appliance (Japan) to measure body composition. Express-information on blood indices under stress and functional metabolic reactions allowed us to reveal weak components of homeostasis (Nonivasive Hemogram Analyzer AMP, Ukraine). The assessment of functional and molecular cell state was performed with the help of Oxycon Mobile diagnostic appliance (FRG). Results. We revealed that huge training loads provoke significant shifts in the morphological structures and biochemical processes of tissues and organs. The disturbance of homeostasis in athletes performing physical exercises occurs only under near threshold loads. It may occur either at the initial stage of training with huge training loads without taking into account the principle of a gradual increase in loads or if athlete’s abilities do not correspond to training loads. Conclusion. The monitoring performed allowed us to reveal long-term and shortteam reactions of the body to huge training loads. At the same time, the single functional system determined the results of training and competition activity. Under these conditions we revealed weak components, which can be improved with the help of load regulation, recovery, pharmacological drugs or approved biologically active additives.References
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2. Bauer V.G. [The Modern System of Preparation of the Sports Reserve of Russia and ways to Improve]. Sport: ekonomika, pravo, upravlenie [Sport. Economics, Law, Management], 2004, no. 3, pp. 12–15. (in Russ.)
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4. Garganeeva N.P., Taminova I.F., Vorozhtsova I.N., Burmatov N.A. [Functional Features of the Cardiovascular System in Qualified Athletes of Different Sports, Depending on the Intensity and Type of Physical Activity]. Sibirskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal [Siberian Medical Journal], 2012, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 47–51. (in Russ.)
5. Khargrivsa M. Metabolizm v protsesse fizicheskoy deyatel'nosti [Metabolism in the Process of Physical Activity]. Moscow, Olympic Literature Publ., 1998. 285 p.
6. Mishchenko V.S., Lysenko E.N., Vinogradov V.S. Reaktivnye svoystva kardiorespiratornoy sistemy kak otrazhenie adaptatsii k napryazhennoy fizicheskoy trenirovke v sporte: monografiya [Reactive Properties of the Cardiorespiratory System as a Reflection of Adaptation to Intense Physical Training in Sports. Monograph]. Kiev, Scientific World Publ., 2007. 351 p.
7. N'yuson P., Yang A., Lenivkin S. Effektivnoe plavanie. Metodika trenirovki plovtsov i triatletov [Effective Swimming. Techniques for Training Swimmers and Triathletes], russian translation: D. Ayshe. Moscow, Mann, Ivanov and Ferber Publ., 2013. 400 p.
8. Shevchenko Yu.L. Gipoksiya. Adaptatsiya, patogenez, klinika: rukovodstvo dlya vrachey [Hypoxia. Adaptation, Pathogenesis, Clinic. A Guide for Doctors]. St. Petersburg, OOO ELBI Publ., 2000. 384 p.
9. Bouchard C., Sarzynski M.A. Genomic Predictors the Maximal O2 un Take Response to Stand-Undies Exercise Training Programs. Appl. Physiol. 2011, vol. 110, pp. 1160–1170. DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00973.2010
10. Isaev A.P., Erlikh V.V., Rybakov V.V. Sport. Training. Individualization. State, Problems and Advanced Solutions. Nomos, 2017. 278 p.
11. Shepilov A.V., Nenasheva A.V., Isaev A.P. Ergospirometric Indices of Evaluation of Exercise Performance of Female Swimmers of Different Ages and Qualifications. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 2013, no. 3, p. 13.
2. Bauer V.G. [The Modern System of Preparation of the Sports Reserve of Russia and ways to Improve]. Sport: ekonomika, pravo, upravlenie [Sport. Economics, Law, Management], 2004, no. 3, pp. 12–15. (in Russ.)
3. Belotserkovskiy Z.B., Lyubina B.G. Serdechnaya deyatel'nost' i funktsional'naya podgotovlennost' u sportsmenov (norma i atipichnye izmeneniya v normal'nykh i izmenennykh usloviyakh adaptatsii k fizicheskim nagruzkam) [Cardiac Activity and Functional Readiness of Athletes (Norm and Atypical Changes in Normal and Altered Conditions of Adaptation to Physical Loads)]. Moscow, Soviet Sport Publ., 2012. 548 p.
4. Garganeeva N.P., Taminova I.F., Vorozhtsova I.N., Burmatov N.A. [Functional Features of the Cardiovascular System in Qualified Athletes of Different Sports, Depending on the Intensity and Type of Physical Activity]. Sibirskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal [Siberian Medical Journal], 2012, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 47–51. (in Russ.)
5. Khargrivsa M. Metabolizm v protsesse fizicheskoy deyatel'nosti [Metabolism in the Process of Physical Activity]. Moscow, Olympic Literature Publ., 1998. 285 p.
6. Mishchenko V.S., Lysenko E.N., Vinogradov V.S. Reaktivnye svoystva kardiorespiratornoy sistemy kak otrazhenie adaptatsii k napryazhennoy fizicheskoy trenirovke v sporte: monografiya [Reactive Properties of the Cardiorespiratory System as a Reflection of Adaptation to Intense Physical Training in Sports. Monograph]. Kiev, Scientific World Publ., 2007. 351 p.
7. N'yuson P., Yang A., Lenivkin S. Effektivnoe plavanie. Metodika trenirovki plovtsov i triatletov [Effective Swimming. Techniques for Training Swimmers and Triathletes], russian translation: D. Ayshe. Moscow, Mann, Ivanov and Ferber Publ., 2013. 400 p.
8. Shevchenko Yu.L. Gipoksiya. Adaptatsiya, patogenez, klinika: rukovodstvo dlya vrachey [Hypoxia. Adaptation, Pathogenesis, Clinic. A Guide for Doctors]. St. Petersburg, OOO ELBI Publ., 2000. 384 p.
9. Bouchard C., Sarzynski M.A. Genomic Predictors the Maximal O2 un Take Response to Stand-Undies Exercise Training Programs. Appl. Physiol. 2011, vol. 110, pp. 1160–1170. DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00973.2010
10. Isaev A.P., Erlikh V.V., Rybakov V.V. Sport. Training. Individualization. State, Problems and Advanced Solutions. Nomos, 2017. 278 p.
11. Shepilov A.V., Nenasheva A.V., Isaev A.P. Ergospirometric Indices of Evaluation of Exercise Performance of Female Swimmers of Different Ages and Qualifications. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 2013, no. 3, p. 13.
References on translit
1. Akhmetov R., Kutek T. [Biomechanical Technologies in the System of Training Highly Skilled Athletes]. Nauka v olimpiyskom sporte [Science in the Olympic sport], 2013, no. 1, pp. 70–75. (in Russ.)2. Bauer V.G. [The Modern System of Preparation of the Sports Reserve of Russia and ways to Improve]. Sport: ekonomika, pravo, upravlenie [Sport. Economics, Law, Management], 2004, no. 3, pp. 12–15. (in Russ.)
3. Belotserkovskiy Z.B., Lyubina B.G. Serdechnaya deyatel'nost' i funktsional'naya podgotovlennost' u sportsmenov (norma i atipichnye izmeneniya v normal'nykh i izmenennykh usloviyakh adaptatsii k fizicheskim nagruzkam) [Cardiac Activity and Functional Readiness of Athletes (Norm and Atypical Changes in Normal and Altered Conditions of Adaptation to Physical Loads)]. Moscow, Soviet Sport Publ., 2012. 548 p.
4. Garganeeva N.P., Taminova I.F., Vorozhtsova I.N., Burmatov N.A. [Functional Features of the Cardiovascular System in Qualified Athletes of Different Sports, Depending on the Intensity and Type of Physical Activity]. Sibirskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal [Siberian Medical Journal], 2012, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 47–51. (in Russ.)
5. Khargrivsa M. Metabolizm v protsesse fizicheskoy deyatel'nosti [Metabolism in the Process of Physical Activity]. Moscow, Olympic Literature Publ., 1998. 285 p.
6. Mishchenko V.S., Lysenko E.N., Vinogradov V.S. Reaktivnye svoystva kardiorespiratornoy sistemy kak otrazhenie adaptatsii k napryazhennoy fizicheskoy trenirovke v sporte: monografiya [Reactive Properties of the Cardiorespiratory System as a Reflection of Adaptation to Intense Physical Training in Sports. Monograph]. Kiev, Scientific World Publ., 2007. 351 p.
7. N'yuson P., Yang A., Lenivkin S. Effektivnoe plavanie. Metodika trenirovki plovtsov i triatletov [Effective Swimming. Techniques for Training Swimmers and Triathletes], russian translation: D. Ayshe. Moscow, Mann, Ivanov and Ferber Publ., 2013. 400 p.
8. Shevchenko Yu.L. Gipoksiya. Adaptatsiya, patogenez, klinika: rukovodstvo dlya vrachey [Hypoxia. Adaptation, Pathogenesis, Clinic. A Guide for Doctors]. St. Petersburg, OOO ELBI Publ., 2000. 384 p.
9. Bouchard C., Sarzynski M.A. Genomic Predictors the Maximal O2 un Take Response to Stand-Undies Exercise Training Programs. Appl. Physiol. 2011, vol. 110, pp. 1160–1170. DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00973.2010
10. Isaev A.P., Erlikh V.V., Rybakov V.V. Sport. Training. Individualization. State, Problems and Advanced Solutions. Nomos, 2017. 278 p.
11. Shepilov A.V., Nenasheva A.V., Isaev A.P. Ergospirometric Indices of Evaluation of Exercise Performance of Female Swimmers of Different Ages and Qualifications. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 2013, no. 3, p. 13.
Published
2018-02-01
How to Cite
Shepilov, A., Nenasheva, A., Shevtsov, A., Latyushin, Y., & Izarovskaia, I. (2018). CONTROL OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL AND METABOLIC STATE IN YOUNG SWIMMERS. Human. Sport. Medicine, 18(1), 60-73. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm180105
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Section
Physiology
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