COMPUTER-AIDED RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF BIOMECHANICAL INDICATORS IN STARTING ACCELERATION OF SPRINT RUNNING
Keywords:
Computer-aided research, athletic sprint, quantitative criteria.
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this research is to develop objective quantitative criteria to characterize and assess the leading components of a low start in athletic sprint. Materials and Methods. The experiment involved 14 athletes of different qualification, age, height and weight. We registered 42 starts at 30 m. maximum sprint.Using original computer-based testing methodology with a three-dimensional force platform and specialized software, we distinguished 11 strength and time partials, 8 integral strength impulses and 7 complex indicators, characterizing the third step. Results. It was found that among the achievements of a 30 m. and 5 m. max sprint from a low start there is r = 0.96. The Parameter “Effort Time to Maximum Power Value” has a value of r = 0.83. The integral “Impulse of the force in front support” is equal r = –0.40 and the complex “Time criteria - K6” equals 0.81. Conclusions. It is found that a significant criterion for the evaluation of sport technique is the “Time for the whole process of force impact during the third step of the start” while the “average strength during the entire supporting phase of the third step after the start” is notinformative for a micro modeling. For the level of sports performance, the shortest moment of ejection is positive compared to a depreciation phase. Conclusions set out top-level benchmarks criteria and models and outline an objective basis for optimizing performance in athletic sprint.References
1. Arakelyan E., Primakov Yu., Umarov A., Tyupa V. Vertical Mechanical Working in the Aspect of Running Technique Estimation. Journal Theory and practice of physical culture, 1998, vol. 2, pp. 46–48.
2. Bachev V. Osnovi na Nauchnite Izsledvaniyata v Sporta. Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Sport. Sofia, BPS Publ., 2017. 309 p.
3. Bachev V., Stoyanov H., Dimitrov D., Hristov O., Zlatev B. Changes in Biomechanics of Sprint Jogging Depending on the Radius of the Curve. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2017, vol. 1, pp. 56–61.
4. Bachev V., Yordanov P., Groshev O. Criteria for Determining the Correctness of Various Methods for Research Through Motion Testing. Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIII National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2013, pp. 293–298.
5. Bachev V., Gadev M., Arakchisy Z., Traykova Bl., O. Groshev O., Yordanov P., Tatsov A. On the Ambiguity of the Digitalized Recordings of Dynamic Actions in Sport. Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIV National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2014, pp. 329–333.
6. Bachev V., Gadev M., Groshev O., Yordanov P. Metrological Aspects of Research Associated with Partial Evaluation Criteria of Sports Equipment in Sports with Speed-Power Manifestation. Journal Activities in Physical Education and Sport, 2014, vol. 2, pp. 191–193.
7. Beletsky V. Dvunogaya hodyba: modelynaye zadach i dinamiki i upravleniya [Two-Legged Walking: Model Tasks of Dynamics and Control]. Moscow, Nauca Publ., 1984. 288 p.
8. Bracic М., Supej M., Peharec S., Bacic P., Coh M. (2010) An Investigation of the Influence of Bilateral Deficit on the Counter-Movement Jump Performance in Elite Sprinters. Journal Kinesiology, 2010,vol. 1, pp. 73–81.
9. Churchill S., Salo A., Trewartha G. The Effect of the Bend on the Technique and Performance During Maximal Speed Sprinting. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2011, vol. 2, pp. 471–474.
10. Coh M., Peharec S., Bacic P., Polyclinic P. The Sprint Start Biomechanical Кinematic, Dynamic and Eletromyographic Parameters. Journal New studies in athletics, 2007, vol. 22, pp. 29–38.
11. Dimitrov D. Biomechanical Performance of Running at Maximum Speed. Journal Sport and Science, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 131–140.
12. Dimitrov D. Biomechanical Starts Acceleration Indicators. Journal Athletics and Science, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 3–10.
13. Dimitrov D. [Opportunities for Improvement of the Age Structure and Content of the Training Process in Running with Maximum and Submaximal Intensity]. National Sports Academy [DSc. Thesis]. Sofia, 2002. 280 p.
14. Dimitrov D. Biomehanichni pokazateli na starta i startovoto uskorenie v sprint ovite byaganiya [Biomechanical Startand Sprinter Acceleration Indicatorsin Sprint Run]. Sofia, Krisan-s Publ., 2013. 130 p.
15. Dimitrov D., Stoyanov H. Biomehanichen analiz na sprintovo tobyagane [Biomechanical Sprint Running Analysis]. Sofia, Tip-Top Publ., 2017. 151 p.
16. Dimitrov D., Zhukov I. Cinematic, Dynamic and Energy Performance Criteria for Sprint Running. Journal Coaching Thought, 1988, vol. 5, pp. 46–52.
17. Gadev M. Kinematic Characteristic of the Maximal Speed Factor in Low-Qualified Sprinters. Journal Sport and Science, 1997, vol. 4, pp. 38–42.
18. Gadev M. Kinematic Characteristic of the Maximum Speed Factor in Highly Qualified Sprinters. Journal Sport and Science, 1998, vol. 3, pp. 24–29.
19. Gadev M., NaumovskyA., Milanova S., Ivanova G., Niagin P., Groshev O., Yordanov P. A Quantitative Approach for Studying the Sport Technique in Sprint Running.Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIV National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria. 2014, pp. 334–341.
20. Gadev M., Tehnika na Gladkoto Sprintovo Byagane [Technique of Smooth Sprint Running]. Sofia, Bolid Ins Publ., 2015. 176 p.
21. Harland М., Steela J. Biomechanics of the Sprint Start. Journal Sports Medicine, 1997, vol. 23, pp. 11–20.
22. Mero A., Komi P., Gregor J. Biomechanics of Sprint Running. Journal Sport Medicine, 1992, vol. 13, pp. 376–381.
23. Saculin N. Analysis of Sports Techniques. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1996, vol. 12, pp. 78–86.
24. Schot P., Knutzen K. A Biomechanical Analysis of Four Sprint Start Positions. Journal Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 1992, vol. 63, pp. 137–147.
25. Slavchev A., Niskiyat Start [The Low Start]. Sofia, NSA Publ., 2006. 76 p.
26. Slawinski J., Dumas R., Cheze L., Ontanon G., Miller C., Mazure-Bunnefoy A. 3D Kinematik of Bunched, Medium and Elongated Sprint Start. Journal Sports Medicine, 2012, vol. 33, pp. 555–560.
27. Stoner L., Ben-Sira D. Sprinting on the Curve. Journal Terauds& G.G. Dale (Eds.), Science in Athletics, 1979, pp. 167–173.
28. Tyupa V. On the Mechanism of Interaction of Sprinters with a Support. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1978, vol. 6, pp. 32–39.
29. Zhukov I., Priluckit B., Rapcin L. Criteria for Effective Techniques Sprinter's Run. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1983, vol. 9, pp. 15–23.
30. Zhukov I., Shabanov B. The Effectiveness of Using Facilitating Leadership in the Preparation of Sprinters. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1983, vol. 7, pp. 9–15.
2. Bachev V. Osnovi na Nauchnite Izsledvaniyata v Sporta. Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Sport. Sofia, BPS Publ., 2017. 309 p.
3. Bachev V., Stoyanov H., Dimitrov D., Hristov O., Zlatev B. Changes in Biomechanics of Sprint Jogging Depending on the Radius of the Curve. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2017, vol. 1, pp. 56–61.
4. Bachev V., Yordanov P., Groshev O. Criteria for Determining the Correctness of Various Methods for Research Through Motion Testing. Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIII National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2013, pp. 293–298.
5. Bachev V., Gadev M., Arakchisy Z., Traykova Bl., O. Groshev O., Yordanov P., Tatsov A. On the Ambiguity of the Digitalized Recordings of Dynamic Actions in Sport. Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIV National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2014, pp. 329–333.
6. Bachev V., Gadev M., Groshev O., Yordanov P. Metrological Aspects of Research Associated with Partial Evaluation Criteria of Sports Equipment in Sports with Speed-Power Manifestation. Journal Activities in Physical Education and Sport, 2014, vol. 2, pp. 191–193.
7. Beletsky V. Dvunogaya hodyba: modelynaye zadach i dinamiki i upravleniya [Two-Legged Walking: Model Tasks of Dynamics and Control]. Moscow, Nauca Publ., 1984. 288 p.
8. Bracic М., Supej M., Peharec S., Bacic P., Coh M. (2010) An Investigation of the Influence of Bilateral Deficit on the Counter-Movement Jump Performance in Elite Sprinters. Journal Kinesiology, 2010,vol. 1, pp. 73–81.
9. Churchill S., Salo A., Trewartha G. The Effect of the Bend on the Technique and Performance During Maximal Speed Sprinting. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2011, vol. 2, pp. 471–474.
10. Coh M., Peharec S., Bacic P., Polyclinic P. The Sprint Start Biomechanical Кinematic, Dynamic and Eletromyographic Parameters. Journal New studies in athletics, 2007, vol. 22, pp. 29–38.
11. Dimitrov D. Biomechanical Performance of Running at Maximum Speed. Journal Sport and Science, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 131–140.
12. Dimitrov D. Biomechanical Starts Acceleration Indicators. Journal Athletics and Science, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 3–10.
13. Dimitrov D. [Opportunities for Improvement of the Age Structure and Content of the Training Process in Running with Maximum and Submaximal Intensity]. National Sports Academy [DSc. Thesis]. Sofia, 2002. 280 p.
14. Dimitrov D. Biomehanichni pokazateli na starta i startovoto uskorenie v sprint ovite byaganiya [Biomechanical Startand Sprinter Acceleration Indicatorsin Sprint Run]. Sofia, Krisan-s Publ., 2013. 130 p.
15. Dimitrov D., Stoyanov H. Biomehanichen analiz na sprintovo tobyagane [Biomechanical Sprint Running Analysis]. Sofia, Tip-Top Publ., 2017. 151 p.
16. Dimitrov D., Zhukov I. Cinematic, Dynamic and Energy Performance Criteria for Sprint Running. Journal Coaching Thought, 1988, vol. 5, pp. 46–52.
17. Gadev M. Kinematic Characteristic of the Maximal Speed Factor in Low-Qualified Sprinters. Journal Sport and Science, 1997, vol. 4, pp. 38–42.
18. Gadev M. Kinematic Characteristic of the Maximum Speed Factor in Highly Qualified Sprinters. Journal Sport and Science, 1998, vol. 3, pp. 24–29.
19. Gadev M., NaumovskyA., Milanova S., Ivanova G., Niagin P., Groshev O., Yordanov P. A Quantitative Approach for Studying the Sport Technique in Sprint Running.Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIV National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria. 2014, pp. 334–341.
20. Gadev M., Tehnika na Gladkoto Sprintovo Byagane [Technique of Smooth Sprint Running]. Sofia, Bolid Ins Publ., 2015. 176 p.
21. Harland М., Steela J. Biomechanics of the Sprint Start. Journal Sports Medicine, 1997, vol. 23, pp. 11–20.
22. Mero A., Komi P., Gregor J. Biomechanics of Sprint Running. Journal Sport Medicine, 1992, vol. 13, pp. 376–381.
23. Saculin N. Analysis of Sports Techniques. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1996, vol. 12, pp. 78–86.
24. Schot P., Knutzen K. A Biomechanical Analysis of Four Sprint Start Positions. Journal Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 1992, vol. 63, pp. 137–147.
25. Slavchev A., Niskiyat Start [The Low Start]. Sofia, NSA Publ., 2006. 76 p.
26. Slawinski J., Dumas R., Cheze L., Ontanon G., Miller C., Mazure-Bunnefoy A. 3D Kinematik of Bunched, Medium and Elongated Sprint Start. Journal Sports Medicine, 2012, vol. 33, pp. 555–560.
27. Stoner L., Ben-Sira D. Sprinting on the Curve. Journal Terauds& G.G. Dale (Eds.), Science in Athletics, 1979, pp. 167–173.
28. Tyupa V. On the Mechanism of Interaction of Sprinters with a Support. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1978, vol. 6, pp. 32–39.
29. Zhukov I., Priluckit B., Rapcin L. Criteria for Effective Techniques Sprinter's Run. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1983, vol. 9, pp. 15–23.
30. Zhukov I., Shabanov B. The Effectiveness of Using Facilitating Leadership in the Preparation of Sprinters. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1983, vol. 7, pp. 9–15.
2. Bachev V. Osnovi na Nauchnite Izsledvaniyata v Sporta. Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Sport. Sofia, BPS Publ., 2017. 309 p.
3. Bachev V., Stoyanov H., Dimitrov D., Hristov O., Zlatev B. Changes in Biomechanics of Sprint Jogging Depending on the Radius of the Curve. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2017, vol. 1, pp. 56–61.
4. Bachev V., Yordanov P., Groshev O. Criteria for Determining the Correctness of Various Methods for Research Through Motion Testing. Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIII National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2013, pp. 293–298.
5. Bachev V., Gadev M., Arakchisy Z., Traykova Bl., O. Groshev O., Yordanov P., Tatsov A. On the Ambiguity of the Digitalized Recordings of Dynamic Actions in Sport. Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIV National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2014, pp. 329–333.
6. Bachev V., Gadev M., Groshev O., Yordanov P. Metrological Aspects of Research Associated with Partial Evaluation Criteria of Sports Equipment in Sports with Speed-Power Manifestation. Journal Activities in Physical Education and Sport, 2014, vol. 2, pp. 191–193.
7. Beletsky V. Dvunogaya hodyba: modelynaye zadach i dinamiki i upravleniya [Two-Legged Walking: Model Tasks of Dynamics and Control]. Moscow, Nauca Publ., 1984. 288 p.
8. Bracic М., Supej M., Peharec S., Bacic P., Coh M. (2010) An Investigation of the Influence of Bilateral Deficit on the Counter-Movement Jump Performance in Elite Sprinters. Journal Kinesiology, 2010,vol. 1, pp. 73–81.
9. Churchill S., Salo A., Trewartha G. The Effect of the Bend on the Technique and Performance During Maximal Speed Sprinting. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2011, vol. 2, pp. 471–474.
10. Coh M., Peharec S., Bacic P., Polyclinic P. The Sprint Start Biomechanical Кinematic, Dynamic and Eletromyographic Parameters. Journal New studies in athletics, 2007, vol. 22, pp. 29–38.
11. Dimitrov D. Biomechanical Performance of Running at Maximum Speed. Journal Sport and Science, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 131–140.
12. Dimitrov D. Biomechanical Starts Acceleration Indicators. Journal Athletics and Science, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 3–10.
13. Dimitrov D. [Opportunities for Improvement of the Age Structure and Content of the Training Process in Running with Maximum and Submaximal Intensity]. National Sports Academy [DSc. Thesis]. Sofia, 2002. 280 p.
14. Dimitrov D. Biomehanichni pokazateli na starta i startovoto uskorenie v sprint ovite byaganiya [Biomechanical Startand Sprinter Acceleration Indicatorsin Sprint Run]. Sofia, Krisan-s Publ., 2013. 130 p.
15. Dimitrov D., Stoyanov H. Biomehanichen analiz na sprintovo tobyagane [Biomechanical Sprint Running Analysis]. Sofia, Tip-Top Publ., 2017. 151 p.
16. Dimitrov D., Zhukov I. Cinematic, Dynamic and Energy Performance Criteria for Sprint Running. Journal Coaching Thought, 1988, vol. 5, pp. 46–52.
17. Gadev M. Kinematic Characteristic of the Maximal Speed Factor in Low-Qualified Sprinters. Journal Sport and Science, 1997, vol. 4, pp. 38–42.
18. Gadev M. Kinematic Characteristic of the Maximum Speed Factor in Highly Qualified Sprinters. Journal Sport and Science, 1998, vol. 3, pp. 24–29.
19. Gadev M., NaumovskyA., Milanova S., Ivanova G., Niagin P., Groshev O., Yordanov P. A Quantitative Approach for Studying the Sport Technique in Sprint Running.Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIV National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria. 2014, pp. 334–341.
20. Gadev M., Tehnika na Gladkoto Sprintovo Byagane [Technique of Smooth Sprint Running]. Sofia, Bolid Ins Publ., 2015. 176 p.
21. Harland М., Steela J. Biomechanics of the Sprint Start. Journal Sports Medicine, 1997, vol. 23, pp. 11–20.
22. Mero A., Komi P., Gregor J. Biomechanics of Sprint Running. Journal Sport Medicine, 1992, vol. 13, pp. 376–381.
23. Saculin N. Analysis of Sports Techniques. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1996, vol. 12, pp. 78–86.
24. Schot P., Knutzen K. A Biomechanical Analysis of Four Sprint Start Positions. Journal Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 1992, vol. 63, pp. 137–147.
25. Slavchev A., Niskiyat Start [The Low Start]. Sofia, NSA Publ., 2006. 76 p.
26. Slawinski J., Dumas R., Cheze L., Ontanon G., Miller C., Mazure-Bunnefoy A. 3D Kinematik of Bunched, Medium and Elongated Sprint Start. Journal Sports Medicine, 2012, vol. 33, pp. 555–560.
27. Stoner L., Ben-Sira D. Sprinting on the Curve. Journal Terauds& G.G. Dale (Eds.), Science in Athletics, 1979, pp. 167–173.
28. Tyupa V. On the Mechanism of Interaction of Sprinters with a Support. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1978, vol. 6, pp. 32–39.
29. Zhukov I., Priluckit B., Rapcin L. Criteria for Effective Techniques Sprinter's Run. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1983, vol. 9, pp. 15–23.
30. Zhukov I., Shabanov B. The Effectiveness of Using Facilitating Leadership in the Preparation of Sprinters. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1983, vol. 7, pp. 9–15.
References on translit
1. Arakelyan E., Primakov Yu., Umarov A., Tyupa V. Vertical Mechanical Working in the Aspect of Running Technique Estimation. Journal Theory and practice of physical culture, 1998, vol. 2, pp. 46–48.2. Bachev V. Osnovi na Nauchnite Izsledvaniyata v Sporta. Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Sport. Sofia, BPS Publ., 2017. 309 p.
3. Bachev V., Stoyanov H., Dimitrov D., Hristov O., Zlatev B. Changes in Biomechanics of Sprint Jogging Depending on the Radius of the Curve. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2017, vol. 1, pp. 56–61.
4. Bachev V., Yordanov P., Groshev O. Criteria for Determining the Correctness of Various Methods for Research Through Motion Testing. Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIII National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2013, pp. 293–298.
5. Bachev V., Gadev M., Arakchisy Z., Traykova Bl., O. Groshev O., Yordanov P., Tatsov A. On the Ambiguity of the Digitalized Recordings of Dynamic Actions in Sport. Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIV National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2014, pp. 329–333.
6. Bachev V., Gadev M., Groshev O., Yordanov P. Metrological Aspects of Research Associated with Partial Evaluation Criteria of Sports Equipment in Sports with Speed-Power Manifestation. Journal Activities in Physical Education and Sport, 2014, vol. 2, pp. 191–193.
7. Beletsky V. Dvunogaya hodyba: modelynaye zadach i dinamiki i upravleniya [Two-Legged Walking: Model Tasks of Dynamics and Control]. Moscow, Nauca Publ., 1984. 288 p.
8. Bracic М., Supej M., Peharec S., Bacic P., Coh M. (2010) An Investigation of the Influence of Bilateral Deficit on the Counter-Movement Jump Performance in Elite Sprinters. Journal Kinesiology, 2010,vol. 1, pp. 73–81.
9. Churchill S., Salo A., Trewartha G. The Effect of the Bend on the Technique and Performance During Maximal Speed Sprinting. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2011, vol. 2, pp. 471–474.
10. Coh M., Peharec S., Bacic P., Polyclinic P. The Sprint Start Biomechanical Кinematic, Dynamic and Eletromyographic Parameters. Journal New studies in athletics, 2007, vol. 22, pp. 29–38.
11. Dimitrov D. Biomechanical Performance of Running at Maximum Speed. Journal Sport and Science, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 131–140.
12. Dimitrov D. Biomechanical Starts Acceleration Indicators. Journal Athletics and Science, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 3–10.
13. Dimitrov D. [Opportunities for Improvement of the Age Structure and Content of the Training Process in Running with Maximum and Submaximal Intensity]. National Sports Academy [DSc. Thesis]. Sofia, 2002. 280 p.
14. Dimitrov D. Biomehanichni pokazateli na starta i startovoto uskorenie v sprint ovite byaganiya [Biomechanical Startand Sprinter Acceleration Indicatorsin Sprint Run]. Sofia, Krisan-s Publ., 2013. 130 p.
15. Dimitrov D., Stoyanov H. Biomehanichen analiz na sprintovo tobyagane [Biomechanical Sprint Running Analysis]. Sofia, Tip-Top Publ., 2017. 151 p.
16. Dimitrov D., Zhukov I. Cinematic, Dynamic and Energy Performance Criteria for Sprint Running. Journal Coaching Thought, 1988, vol. 5, pp. 46–52.
17. Gadev M. Kinematic Characteristic of the Maximal Speed Factor in Low-Qualified Sprinters. Journal Sport and Science, 1997, vol. 4, pp. 38–42.
18. Gadev M. Kinematic Characteristic of the Maximum Speed Factor in Highly Qualified Sprinters. Journal Sport and Science, 1998, vol. 3, pp. 24–29.
19. Gadev M., NaumovskyA., Milanova S., Ivanova G., Niagin P., Groshev O., Yordanov P. A Quantitative Approach for Studying the Sport Technique in Sprint Running.Metrology and Metrological Assurance. XXIV National Scientific Symposium with International Participation, Sozopol, Bulgaria. 2014, pp. 334–341.
20. Gadev M., Tehnika na Gladkoto Sprintovo Byagane [Technique of Smooth Sprint Running]. Sofia, Bolid Ins Publ., 2015. 176 p.
21. Harland М., Steela J. Biomechanics of the Sprint Start. Journal Sports Medicine, 1997, vol. 23, pp. 11–20.
22. Mero A., Komi P., Gregor J. Biomechanics of Sprint Running. Journal Sport Medicine, 1992, vol. 13, pp. 376–381.
23. Saculin N. Analysis of Sports Techniques. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1996, vol. 12, pp. 78–86.
24. Schot P., Knutzen K. A Biomechanical Analysis of Four Sprint Start Positions. Journal Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 1992, vol. 63, pp. 137–147.
25. Slavchev A., Niskiyat Start [The Low Start]. Sofia, NSA Publ., 2006. 76 p.
26. Slawinski J., Dumas R., Cheze L., Ontanon G., Miller C., Mazure-Bunnefoy A. 3D Kinematik of Bunched, Medium and Elongated Sprint Start. Journal Sports Medicine, 2012, vol. 33, pp. 555–560.
27. Stoner L., Ben-Sira D. Sprinting on the Curve. Journal Terauds& G.G. Dale (Eds.), Science in Athletics, 1979, pp. 167–173.
28. Tyupa V. On the Mechanism of Interaction of Sprinters with a Support. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1978, vol. 6, pp. 32–39.
29. Zhukov I., Priluckit B., Rapcin L. Criteria for Effective Techniques Sprinter's Run. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1983, vol. 9, pp. 15–23.
30. Zhukov I., Shabanov B. The Effectiveness of Using Facilitating Leadership in the Preparation of Sprinters. Journal Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 1983, vol. 7, pp. 9–15.
Published
2018-02-01
How to Cite
Bachev, V., Gadev, M., Groshev, O., Yordanov, P., & Zlatev, B. (2018). COMPUTER-AIDED RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF BIOMECHANICAL INDICATORS IN STARTING ACCELERATION OF SPRINT RUNNING. Human. Sport. Medicine, 18(1), 95-102. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm180108
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Sports training
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