LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY IN THE DIAGNOSTICS OF TISSUE MICROCIRCULATION IN TRACK-AND-FIELD ATHLETES

Dvurekova E.

doi:10.14529/hsm18s06

E. Dvurekova Voronezh State Institute of Physical Culture, Voronezh, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5630-3735 evgenia.dvurekova@yandex.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm18s06

Keywords: Adaptation, laser Doppler flowmetry, athletes, system of microcirculation, microvascular tone

Abstract

Aim. The article deals with establishing functional peculiarities of tissue microcirculation in athletes during the different stages of the training cycle. Materials and methods. We examined 10 track-and-field athletes aged 19–22 (middle- and long-distance running) involved in aerobic trainings. All athletes possess the rank of Candidate for Master of Sport and the average training experience of 8 years. We studied tissue microhemodynamics with the help of laser doppler flowmetry using LAKK-01 (Lazma, Russia) laser analyzer of blood microcirculation. Results. At the preparatory period, we registered a low level of perfusion (3.38 ± 0.21 p.u.) and shunt blood flow (1.27 ± 0.08) and a high level of reserve capillary blood flow (525 ± 55 %) in comparison with the control group. At the beginning of the competitive period, we revealed a significant increase in perfusion (by 81 %) and a decrease in reserve blood flow (by 32 %) and neurogenic (by 16.7 %) and myogenic (by 15.4 %) tone of microvessels in comparison with the preparatory period. Prolonged competitive activities contributed to the increase in neurogenic (by 21.3 %) and myogenic (by 38.4 %) tone, shunt blood flow and T1/2 (by 22 seconds on the average). Conclusions. We established that regular physical loads result in a decrease in the number of functionally active capillaries at rest. The main blood flow passes through nutritive capillaries. At the beginning of the competitive activity, there is an increase in perfusion. As loads increase during the competitive period, microvessel stiffness increases. This contributes to a decrease of their sensitivity to vasodilating factors.

References

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References on translit

1. Marchenko I.S., S.A. Morokhovets S.A. [Actual Issues of Medical and Biological Control in the Process of Training Athletes]. Materialy I Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii “Donetskiye chteniya 2016. Obrazovaniye, nauka i vyzovy sovremennosti” [Proceedings of the I International Scientific Conference Donetsk Readings 2016. Education, Science and Modern Challenges], 2016, pp. 362–366. (in Russ.)
2. Borisevich S.A. [Changes in the Functional Characteristics of the Skin of Athletes after Cyclic Training Sessions]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul’tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2015, no. 9, p. 77. (in Russ.)
3. Krupatkin A.I., Sidorov V.V. Lazernaya dopplerovskaya floumetriya mikrotsirkulyatsii krovi [Laser Doppler Flowmetry of Microcirculation of Blood]. Moscow, Medicine Publ., 2005. 256 p.
4. Skedina M.A., Kovaleva A.A. [Investigation of Blood Flow Parameters in the Microvasculature in Adolescent Football Teams During the Training Process]. Regional’noye krovoobrashcheniye i mikrotsirkulyatsiya [Regional Blood Circulation and Microcirculation], 2017, vol. 16, no. 3 (63), pp. 56–61. (in Russ.)
5. Fedorov S.S., Tokarev A.R. [Opportunities of Medical and Biological Control in Sport]. Vestnik novykh meditsinskikh tekhnologiy [Bulletin of New Medical Technologies], 2016, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 294–298. (in Russ.)
6. Fromy B., Merzeau S., Abraham P., Saumet J.L. Mechanisms of the Coetaneous Vasodilatator Response n Local External Pressure Application in Rats: Involvement of CGRP, Neurokinins, Prostadlandins and NO. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2000, vol. 131, pp. 1161–1171. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703685
7. Mayer M.F., Rose C.J., Hulsmann J.O. Impaired 0.1 – Hz Vasomotion Assessed by Laser Doppler Anemometry as an Early Index of Peripheral Sympathetic Neuropathy in Diabetes. Microvascular Research, 2003, vol. 65, pp. 88–95. DOI: 10.1016/S0026-2862(02)00015-8
8. Montero D., Walther G., Diaz-Canestro C., Pyke K.E., Padilla J. Microvascular Dilator Function in Athletes: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2015, vol. 47 (7), pp. 1485–1494. DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000567
9. Stupin M., Stupin L., Rasic L., Cosic A., Kolar L., Seric V., Lenasi H., Izakovic K., Drenjancevic I. Acute Exhaustive Rowing Exercise Reduces Skin Microvascular Dilator Function in Young Adult Rowing Athletes. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2018, vol. 118 (2), pp. 461–474. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3790-y
10. Zhang H.N., Gao B.H., Zhu H. The Relationship Between Reserve Capacity of Microcirculatory Blood Perfusion and Related Biochemical Indices of Male Rowers in Six Weeks' Pre-Competition Training. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi, 2017, vol. 33 (2), pp. 112–116.