INFLUENCE OF ANXIETY ON HEMODYNAMICS IN FEMALE DANCESPORT ATHLETES

Abstract

Abstract. Aim. This paper aims to identify functional and adaptive capacities of the cardiovascular system in young women depending on their trait anxiety and physical activity levels. Materials and methods. For the purpose of the study, two groups of young women aged 18–20 were formed (n=48). Group 1 comprised female dancesport athletes with five years of training experience. Group 2 consisted of female students from the Kazan Federal University engaged in physical education within a standard university program. Trait anxiety was evaluated with the Spielberger-Hanin State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Blood pressure, cardiac pumping function, and peripheral vascular resistance were assessed with a blood pressure monitor (Оmron M2 Basic, HEM 7121-RU) and a rheograph (Rheo-Spectrum, Neurosoft). A standardized physical load was administered using the Martinét – Kushelevsky Test. Results. The results show that female dancesport athletes with high levels of trait anxiety demonstrated statistically significant increases in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and stroke volume (SV). Their acute hemodynamic adaptation to a standardized physical load was characterized by the most pronounced and simultaneous increase in heart rate (HR) and SV, the values of which failed to return to baseline by the 5^th minute of recovery. It was also shown that more than half of the female athletes exhibited a hypertonic type of cardiovascular response, characterized by a significant increase in SBP, DBP, and SV concurrent with an increase in total peripheral resistance (TPR) at the 3^rd and 5^th minutes of the recovery period. Conclusion. Thus, for highly anxious young women aged 18–20, intensive physical exercise is an additional stress factor that leads to adverse shifts in the cardiovascular system and a decrease in its adaptive capacity. This dictates the necessity for a thorough professional selection of girls for dancesport and the careful dosing of exercise intensity based on their anxiety levels.