ADAPTATION OF HEART PUMPING FUNCTION TO MUSCLE ACTIVITY

Abzalov R.; Abzalov N.; Abzalov R.; Gulyakov A.

doi:10.14529/hsm17s01

R. Abzalov Kazan Volga region Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4940-1502 2902207@mail.ru
N. Abzalov Kazan Volga region Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8428-2724 nailabzalov@mail.ru
R. Abzalov Kazan Volga region Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1422-3742 abzalov2004@mail.ru
A. Gulyakov Kazan Volga region Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3010-3946 aguliakov@gmail.com

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm17s01

Keywords: Heart pumping function, movement quickness, speed endurance, swim training models, nitric oxide (NO).

Abstract

Aim. The aim of this article is to study movement quickness, speed endurance, heart pumping function, mental efficiency, and the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the conditions of body adaptation to muscular trainings of various intensity. Materials and Methods. By means of human studies, we established the consistent pattern of heart pumping function, mental efficiency, and physiological properties of the locomotor system. In order to study some regulation mechanisms of heart pumping function we conducted rat studies to define the regulatory role of nitric oxide (NO). Results. We found out that with the improvement of athletic performance the indices of movement quickness and speed endurance increase. Their rate of change depends on the character and intensity of muscular loads performed. Moderate muscular load contributes to more intense development of the quantitative indices of mental efficiency. The training process aimed at the development of endurance creates conditions for more energy efficient functioning of the cardiovascular system of rats in comparison with animals adapted to movement quickness. Conclusion. Changes in the nitric oxide (NO) content of the tissues of rats trained for movement quickness and general endurance mostly coincide with previously established consistent patterns of variation in norepinephrine and acetylcholine concentration in the heart tissues of trained rats.

References

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2. Abzalov R.A. Dvizhenie i razvivayushcheesya serdtse [Movement and Developing Heart]. Moscow, MGPI named after V.I. Lenin Publ., 1985. 95 p.
3. Abzalov R.R., Abzalov N.I., Vanyushin Yu.S., Askhadullin I.R. [Features of High-Speed Endurance, Mental Efficiency of Speed Endurance Athletes]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2016, no. 6, pp. 42–44. (in Russ.)
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5. Baevskiy R.M. [Investigation of the Mechanisms of Vegetative Regulation of Blood Circulation Based on Orthostatic Testing Using Mathematical Analysis of the Rhythm of the Heart]. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Udmurt University], 1995, no. 3, pp. 13–20. (in Russ.)
6. Bal'sevich V.K. Ontokineziologiya cheloveka [Ontokinesiology of Man]. Moscow, Theory and Practice of Physical Culture Publ., 2000. 275 p.
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8. Volkov V.M., Romashev A.V. [Longitudinal Studies of Speed-Strength Indicators of Schoolchildren Aged 11–14]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 1998, no. 7, pp. 5–6. (in Russ.)
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10. Nigmatullina R.R. Kletochno-molekulyarnye mekhanizmy funktsionirovaniya i regulyatsii serdtsa [Cellular-Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiac Function and Regulation]. Kazan’, 2004. 100 p.
11. Parin V.V. Sovremennye problemy fiziologii i patologii nervnoy sistemy [Modern Problems of Physiology and Pathology of the Nervous System]. Moscow, Medicine Publ., 1965. 382 p.
12. Makhmutova R.R., Bordukova L.A., Strokin A.A., Rumyantseva E.R., Makina L.R. [Sports Training of Highly Skilled Swimmers with Musculoskeletal Injuries]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2014, no. 4, pp. 5–7. (in Russ.)
13. Fomin N.A., Filin V.P. Na puti k sportivnomu masterstvu (adaptatsiya yunykh sportsmenov k fizicheskim nagruzkam) [On the way to Athletic Skill (Adaptation of Young Athletes to Physical Loads)]. Moscow, Physical Training and Sports Publ., 1986. 159 p.
14. Chinkin A.S. Dvigatel'naya aktivnost' i serdtse [Motor Activity and Heart]. Kazan’, 1995. 192 p.
15. Yarullin R.Kh. [Physical Abilities of Man as Genetically and Socially Conditioned Differences in the Manifestation of His Physical Properties]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 1995, no. 7, pp. 39–40. (in Russ.)
16. Klimt F. Drahtloze Herzschlagjregtreguezmessung un Kinder Alser. Das Deutsche Elesund. 1964, pp. 381–385.
17. Erlikh V.V., Isaev A.P., Zalyapin V.I. Efficiency of competitive activity depending on blood flow parameters in middle distance runners. Teoriya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury, 2015, No. 8, pp. 24–26.

References on translit

1. Abzalov R.R., Abzalov N.I., Khasanov T.K., Abzalov R.A. [Pumping Function of the Heart in the Context of Increasing the Efficiency of Speed Endurance Athletes]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2016, no. 1, pp. 16–18. (in Russ.)
2. Abzalov R.A. Dvizhenie i razvivayushcheesya serdtse [Movement and Developing Heart]. Moscow, MGPI named after V.I. Lenin Publ., 1985. 95 p.
3. Abzalov R.R., Abzalov N.I., Vanyushin Yu.S., Askhadullin I.R. [Features of High-Speed Endurance, Mental Efficiency of Speed Endurance Athletes]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2016, no. 6, pp. 42–44. (in Russ.)
4. Arshavskiy I.A. Fiziologicheskie mekhanizmy i zakonomernosti individual'nogo razvitiya [Physiological Mechanisms and Patterns of Individual Development]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1982. 270 p.
5. Baevskiy R.M. [Investigation of the Mechanisms of Vegetative Regulation of Blood Circulation Based on Orthostatic Testing Using Mathematical Analysis of the Rhythm of the Heart]. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Udmurt University], 1995, no. 3, pp. 13–20. (in Russ.)
6. Bal'sevich V.K. Ontokineziologiya cheloveka [Ontokinesiology of Man]. Moscow, Theory and Practice of Physical Culture Publ., 2000. 275 p.
7. Vanyushin Yu.S., Sitdikov F.G. [Adaptation of Cardiac Activity and the State of Gas Exchange in Athletes for Physical Exertion]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 1997, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 69–73. (in Russ.)
8. Volkov V.M., Romashev A.V. [Longitudinal Studies of Speed-Strength Indicators of Schoolchildren Aged 11–14]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 1998, no. 7, pp. 5–6. (in Russ.)
9. Meerson F.Z. Adaptatsiya organizma k bol'shoy nagruzke i serdechnaya nedostatochnost' [Adaptation of the Body to a Large Load and Heart Failure]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1975. 263 p.
10. Nigmatullina R.R. Kletochno-molekulyarnye mekhanizmy funktsionirovaniya i regulyatsii serdtsa [Cellular-Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiac Function and Regulation]. Kazan’, 2004. 100 p.
11. Parin V.V. Sovremennye problemy fiziologii i patologii nervnoy sistemy [Modern Problems of Physiology and Pathology of the Nervous System]. Moscow, Medicine Publ., 1965. 382 p.
12. Makhmutova R.R., Bordukova L.A., Strokin A.A., Rumyantseva E.R., Makina L.R. [Sports Training of Highly Skilled Swimmers with Musculoskeletal Injuries]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2014, no. 4, pp. 5–7. (in Russ.)
13. Fomin N.A., Filin V.P. Na puti k sportivnomu masterstvu (adaptatsiya yunykh sportsmenov k fizicheskim nagruzkam) [On the way to Athletic Skill (Adaptation of Young Athletes to Physical Loads)]. Moscow, Physical Training and Sports Publ., 1986. 159 p.
14. Chinkin A.S. Dvigatel'naya aktivnost' i serdtse [Motor Activity and Heart]. Kazan’, 1995. 192 p.
15. Yarullin R.Kh. [Physical Abilities of Man as Genetically and Socially Conditioned Differences in the Manifestation of His Physical Properties]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 1995, no. 7, pp. 39–40. (in Russ.)
16. Klimt F. Drahtloze Herzschlagjregtreguezmessung un Kinder Alser. Das Deutsche Elesund. 1964, pp. 381–385.
17. Erlikh V.V., Isaev A.P., Zalyapin V.I. Efficiency of competitive activity depending on blood flow parameters in middle distance runners. Teoriya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury, 2015, No. 8, pp. 24–26.