INDIVIDUALIZATION OF PHYSICAL LOAD FOR FOOTBAL PLAYERS WITH DIABETES

Fonarev D.; Minnakhmetova L.; Minnakhmetov R.; Rusakova S.

doi:10.14529/hsm180207

D. Fonarev Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6001-834X dozent1974@mail.ru
L. Minnakhmetova Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1898-5376 minnlarisa@mail.ru
R. Minnakhmetov Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-4093 minnakhmetov@rambler.ru
S. Rusakova Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1574-6705 svetikr_80@mail.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm180207

Keywords: Individual approach, mini-football, glycated hemoglobin, diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

Aim. The article deals with the individualization of training for football players with diabetes. Materials and methods. The study was conducted during a one-year cycle on football players with diabetes in Moscow (Olympic Village-80) and at the Championship on mini-football for people with diabetes DiaEuro-2016 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study consisted of several stages. In the experiment, 22 football players with diabetes mellitus took part, who were allowed to regular trainings and mini-football competitions. The experimental group consisted of 11 players of the Russian national team. The control group included 11 players of the Serbia national team. The age of players was from 18 to 41 years. In the control and experimental groups, we conducted control tests to assess the speed, speed and strength qualities and special endurance. We recorded the matches to analyze the technique and tactics of each player. We also assessed glycated hemoglobin before and after the experiment in football players from the Russian national team. The pedagogical experiment covered the annual training cycle 2015 - 2016. It consisted of the preparatory period, divided into two stages (general preparation and special preparation), and competitive period. At the end of the experiment, we conducted tests to analyze the effect of the method used on football players with manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Results. The experimental program of sports training for football players with diabetes mellitus covered a one-year training cycle. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, we assessed glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin dosage in athletes with diabetes mellitus. To achieve HbA1c targets the athletes kept strictly to a diet and controlled blood sugar 8-10 times a day. At the end of the experiment, we registered that the majority of players (7 people) had perfect HbA1c (63.64 %), 4 players had optimal HbA1c (36.36 %), and nobody demonstrated sub compensation and decompensation. Conclusion. As a result of the implementation of our method in the preparatory period, players with diabetes improved their physical fitness indicators and the average index of glycated hemoglobin in comparison with the control group. The results obtained for the players of the Russian national team during competitions (control games and games of the Championship on mini-football for people with diabetes) prove the necessity of training individualization for athletes with diabetes participating in mini-football competitions.

References

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13. Mugallimova N.N., Martynova A.S., Badilin I.O. [The Content of the Training and Training Activities of Students in the Chosen Sport in the Process of Formation of Sports Personality Culture]. Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniya [Problems of Modern Pedagogical Education], Yalta, 2018, no. 58–2, pp. 176–179. (in Russ.)
14. Novikova L.V., Pogudin S.M. [Formation of Physical Health at University Students on the Basis of Technology of Introduction of Individual Programs of Physical Improvement]. Fizicheskaya kul’tura: vospitaniye, obrazovaniye, trenirovka [Physical Culture. Education, Education, Training], 2010, no. 3, pp. 58–61. (in Russ.)
15. Chernyayev A.A., Kudyashev N.Kh. [Theoretical and Methodological Foundations for Improving the Methodology of Teaching Students the Technique of Football]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul’tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2009, no. 10, pp. 87–89. (in Russ.)
16. Monique E., Francois et al. ‘Exercise Snacks’ before Meals: a Novel Strategy to Improve Glycaemic Control in Individuals with Insulin Resistance. Diabetologia, 2014, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 1437–1445.
17. Selvin E., Marinopoulos S., Berkenblit G. et al. Meta-Analysis: Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus. Ann Intern Med., 2004, vol. 141, pp. 421–431.
18. Zoungas S., Patel A. Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: the Impact of Preventative Therapies. Ann N Y Acad Sci., 2010, vol. 1212 (1), pp. 29–40.

References on translit

1. Biryukova E.V. [The Role of Glycated Hemoglobin in the Diagnosis and Improvement of the Prognosis of Diabetes Mellitus]. Meditsinskiy sovet [Medical Council], 2017, no. 3, pp. 48–53. (in Russ.)
2. Vertepa I.R., Salashnik T.V. [Diabetes Mellitus in Russia and Ukraine]. Byulleten’ meditsinskikh internet-konferentsiy [Bulletin of Medical Internet Conferences], 2017, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 288. (in Russ.)
3. Vsemirnaya organizatsii zdravookhraneniya. Dannyye VOZ po zabolevayemosti diabetom – 2016 [World Health Organization. WHO Data on the Incidence of Diabetes – 2016]. Available at: http://www.who.int/diabetes/country-profiles/rus_ru.pdf?ua=1 (accessed 11.03.2018).
4. Dedlovskaya M.V. [Individualization of Physical Activity in the Process of Physical Training of Students of Physical Culture Education of a Pedagogical University]. Perspektivnyye napravleniya v oblasti fizicheskoy kul’tury, sporta i turizma materialy VI Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiyem [Perspective Directions in the Field of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism Materials of the VI All-Russian Scientific-Practical Conference with International Participation], 2016, pp. 150–154. (in Russ.)
5. Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Galstyan G.R. [The Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in the Adult Population of Russia. NATION Study]. Sakharnyy diabet [Diabetes Mellitus], 2016, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 104–112. (in Russ.)
6. Dorofeyeva M.N. [Physical Activity in Diabetes Mellitus]. Sovremennyye nauchnyye issledovaniya i razrabotki [Modern Scientific Research and Development], 2017, no. 9 (17), pp. 570–571. (in Russ.)
7. Dubinina L.N., Gololobov V.T., Kozina E.V., Matsynina V.P. [Influence of Aerobic Physical Loads on the Dynamics of Clinical Manifestations of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus]. Meditsinskiy vestnik Bashkortostana [Medical Bulletin of Bashkortostan], 2015, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 67–71. (in Russ.)
8. Dubinina L.N., Gololobov V.T., Kozina E.V., Lanin S.N. [Influence of Dosage Physical Loads on the Course of Deaabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus]. Acta Biomedica Scientifica, 2011, no. 6, pp. 25–28. (in Russ.)
9. Ibragimov A.M. [Features of Training Athletes with Diabetes Mellitus]. Aktual’nyye problemy teorii i praktiki fizicheskoy kul’tury, sporta i turizma, IV mezhvuzovskaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya molodykh uchenykh, aspirantov, magistrantov i studentov [Actual Problems of the Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, the IV Interuniversity Scientific-Practical Conference of Young Scientists, Post-Graduate Students, Undergraduates and Students], 2016, pp. 654–657. (in Russ.)
10. Ivanova E.S., Nazarenko A.S., Davletova N.Kh., Khasnutdinov N.Sh. [Assessment of Nutrition and Motor Activity in Students]. Nauka i sport: sovremennyye tendentsii [Science and Sport. Modern Trends], 2017, no. 2 (15), pp. 72–77. (in Russ.)
11. Kalmykov S.A. [Dynamics of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus when Using Physical Rehabilitation Tools]. Slobozhans’kiy naukovo-sportivniy vіsnik [Slobozhansky Science and Sports Journal], 2012, no. 5–1, pp. 102–105. (in Russ.)
12. Misnikova I.V., Dreval’ A.V., Kovaleva Yu.A. [Glycated Hemoglobin is the Main Parameter in the Control of Diabetes Mellitus]. Sakharnyy diabet [Diabetes Mellitus], 2008, no. 4, pp. 38–40. (in Russ.)
13. Mugallimova N.N., Martynova A.S., Badilin I.O. [The Content of the Training and Training Activities of Students in the Chosen Sport in the Process of Formation of Sports Personality Culture]. Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniya [Problems of Modern Pedagogical Education], Yalta, 2018, no. 58–2, pp. 176–179. (in Russ.)
14. Novikova L.V., Pogudin S.M. [Formation of Physical Health at University Students on the Basis of Technology of Introduction of Individual Programs of Physical Improvement]. Fizicheskaya kul’tura: vospitaniye, obrazovaniye, trenirovka [Physical Culture. Education, Education, Training], 2010, no. 3, pp. 58–61. (in Russ.)
15. Chernyayev A.A., Kudyashev N.Kh. [Theoretical and Methodological Foundations for Improving the Methodology of Teaching Students the Technique of Football]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul’tury [Theory and Practice of Physical Culture], 2009, no. 10, pp. 87–89. (in Russ.)
16. Monique E., Francois et al. ‘Exercise Snacks’ before Meals: a Novel Strategy to Improve Glycaemic Control in Individuals with Insulin Resistance. Diabetologia, 2014, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 1437–1445.
17. Selvin E., Marinopoulos S., Berkenblit G. et al. Meta-Analysis: Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus. Ann Intern Med., 2004, vol. 141, pp. 421–431.
18. Zoungas S., Patel A. Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: the Impact of Preventative Therapies. Ann N Y Acad Sci., 2010, vol. 1212 (1), pp. 29–40.