PECULIARITIES OF THE PSYCHOPHISIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF PUPILS AGED 11–16 YEARS TO EDUCATIONAL AND PHYSICAL LOADS DETERMINED BY THE TYPES OF THEIR VEGETATIVE REGULATION

Keywords: Psychophysiological adaptation, regulative systems of the body (RSB), types of autonomic regulation, CVS functions, physical stresses, correction of psychophysical condition, critical period of ontogenesis, physical education.

Abstract

Aim. The aim of this article is to identify the peculiarities of psychophysiological adaptation to educational and physical loads during physical education classes in pupils aged 11–16 years having different types of vegetative regulation of the cardio-vascular system. Materials and Methods. We examined the pupils of 5–7 grades (25 male pupils) and 8–10 grades (27 male pupils) studying at school № 90 located in Togliatti, who formed the experimental group. Using the same methods, we also examined the same number of male pupils of the same age studying at school №5 located in Togliatti to form the control group. We used heart rate variability diagnostics performed with the help of Varycard 2.51 computer appliance. For the diagnostics of memory and attention of pupils we used a computer modifying of psychophysiological indexes registration based on recognition of determined stimulus signs among neutral signs (Kreplin’s method, Correction test). To evaluate cognitive functions and information processing speed we used the method of time registration (in seconds) of simple sensorimotor reaction to color and geometrical stimuli. Results. We established a correlation between TAR and psychophysiological cognitive characteristics, determined their dynamics under the influence of typologically oriented physical stress, and revealed its correction and advancing effects on psychophysical abilities of pupils. The results obtained improve the understanding of integrative mechanisms of psychophysiological adaptation in boys within critical ontogeny periods (prepubertal, pubertal stages) and extend  application of physiological “typing” of the regulative systems to optimize physical education of pupils in secondary and high school. Conclusion. The data obtained show the improvement of physical and psychophysical adaptive capacities of pupils under the influence of physical education classes based on their Types of Autonomic Regulation (AR) of the Cardiovascular System (CVS).

References

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References on translit

1. Anokhin P.K. Uzlovye voprosy teorii funktsional'nykh system [Nodal Questions of the Theory of Functional Systems]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1987. 197 p.
2. Baevskiy R.M., Ivanov G.G., Chireykin L.V. [Analysis of Heart Rate Variability when Using Various Electrocardiographic Systems]. Vestnik aritmologii [Herald of Arrhythmology], 2001, no. 24, pp. 65–86. (in Russ.)
3. Bezrukikh M.M. Otchet o NIR za 2016 god po teme proekta “Fiziologicheskoe razvitie i sostoyanie zdorov'ya sovremennykh detey na raznykh etapakh pubertatnogo vozrasta” [Report on the Research Work for 2016 on the Theme of the Project Physiological Development and State of Health of Modern Children at Different Stages of Puberty Age]. Moscow, IFHD Publ., 40 p.
4. Gavrilova E.A. [Admission to Physical Education and Sports for People with Impaired Rhythm of Conduction of the Heart]. Serdtse: zhurnal dlya praktikuyushchikh vrachey [Heart. A Magazine for Practicing Doctors], 2013, no. 2 (70), pp. 107–111. (in Russ.)
5. Gavrilova E.A. Ritmokardiografiya v sporte : monografiya [Rhythmocardiography in Sports. Monograph]. St. Petersburg, SZGMU I.I. Mechnikov Publ., 2014. 164 p.
6. Galeev A.R., Igisheva L.N., Kazin E.M. [Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Children Aged 6–16 Years]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 2002, no. 4, pp. 54–58. (in Russ.)
7. Gorelik V.V. [Assessment of the Functional State of Students Based on the Analysis of Physiological Parameters of Regulatory Systems]. Sportivnaya meditsina: nauka i praktika [Sports Medicine. Science and Practice], 2015, no. 3, pp. 23–30. (in Russ.)
8. Demidov V.A., Khasnutdinov N.Sh., Mavliev F.A. [Slow-Wave Characteristics of Hemodynamics in Adolescents Engaged in and not Engaged in Cyclical Sports]. Vestnik Tyumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya «Biologicheskie i meditsinskie nauki» [Bulletin of the Tyumen State University. Series Biological and Medical Sciences], 2007, no. 6, pp. 75–82 (in Russ.).
9. Es'kov V.M., Zilov V.G., Fudin N.A. [Selected Diagnostic Technologies]. Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal eksperimental'nogo obrazovaniya [International Journal of Experimental Education], 2010, no. 11, pp. 23–25. (in Russ.)
10. Es'kov V.M., Kulaev S.V., Filatov M.A. Programma kolichestvennoy otsenki pokazateley pamyati cheloveka [Program for the Quantitative Assessment of Human Memory Indicators]. Patent RF, no. 2005612886, 2005.
11. Ilyukhina V.A. Psikhofiziologiya funktsional'nykh sostoyaniy i poznavatel'noy deyatel'nosti zdorovogo i bol'nogo cheloveka [Psychophysiology of Functional States and Cognitive Activity of a Healthy and Sick Person]. St. Petersburg, N-L Publ., 2010. 368 p.
12. Krivolapchuk I.A. [Functional State of Children 9-10 Years with Intense Information Load and Physical Working Capacity]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 2009, no. 6, pp. 1–11. (in Russ.)
13. Mavliev F.A., Zotova F.R., Demidov V.A. [Short-Term Adaptation of Hemodynamics and Variability of Its Parameters in Response to Dosed Physical Activity]. Vestnik sportivnoy nauki [Bulletin of Sports Science], 2013, no. 6, pp. 35–41. (in Russ.)
14. Mavliev F.A., Nazarenko A.S., Sosnov N.V. [Typological Features of the Variability of Circulatory Parameters]. Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta [Uchenye Zapiski Universiteta imeni PF Lesgafta], 2012, no. 9 (91), pp. 97–101. (in Russ.)
15. Rusalov V.M. [Psychology and Psychophysiology of Individual Differences; Some Results and Immediate Tasks of System Tasks]. Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal [Psychological Journal], 1991, no. 5, pp. 3–17. (in Russ.)
16. Semenov Yu.N. Kompleks dlya pererabotki kardiointervalov i analiza variabel'nosti serdechnogo ritma “Varikard 2.51”: rukovodstvo k ekspluatatsii [Complex for Cardiointerval Processing and Heart Rate Variability Analysis Varikard 2.51. Manual for Operation]. Ryazan', IVNMT Ramena Publ., 2014. 303 p.
17. Spivak E.M., Nezhkina N.N. [Peculiarities of Adapting the Cardiovascular System to Exercise in Young Athletes with Different Types of Vegetative Regulation]. Sportivnaya meditsina: nauka i praktika [Sports Medicine. Science and Practice], 2014, no. 1, pp. 32–36. (in Russ.)
18. Filatov M.A., Es'kov V.M., Ruzankina N.A. [Measurement of Quantitative Indicators of Human Mental Functions on the Basis of the Diagnostic Complex M-2]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii “Datchiki i preobrazovateli informatsii sistem izmereniya” [Materials of the International Conference Sensors and Converters of Information of Measurement Systems], 2003. 270 p. (in Russ.)
19. Filatov M.A., Es'kov V.M., Filatova O.E. [Measuring Systems for Reflexometric Studies in Psychophysiology]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii “Datchiki i preobrazovateli informatsii sistem izmereniya” [Materials of the International Conference Sensors and Converters of Information of Measurement Systems], 1991, pp. 129–130. (in Russ.)
20. Shlyk N.I., Sapozhnikova E.N., Shumikhina I.I. O fiziologicheskoy norme VSR u detey s raznoy aktivnost'yu vegetativnoy regulyatsii. XX s"ezd fiziologicheskogo obshchestva imeni I.P. Pavlova [About Physiological Norm HRV in Children with Different Activity of Vegetative Regulation. XX Congress of the Physiological Society Named After I.P. Pavlova]. Moscow, Russian Doctor Publ., 2007. 492 p.
21. Shlyk N.I. Serdechnyy ritm i tip regulyatsii u detey, podrostkov i sportsmenov [Heart Rhythm and Type of Regulation in Children, Adolescents and Athletes]. Izhevsk, Udmurt State University Publ., 2009. 255 p.
Published
2018-02-01
How to Cite
Gorelik, V., Belyaev, V., Filippova, S., & Chumakov, B. (2018). PECULIARITIES OF THE PSYCHOPHISIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF PUPILS AGED 11–16 YEARS TO EDUCATIONAL AND PHYSICAL LOADS DETERMINED BY THE TYPES OF THEIR VEGETATIVE REGULATION. Human. Sport. Medicine, 18(1), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm180102
Section
Physiology