DYNAMICAL CHANGES IN POSTURAL BALANCE OF VERTICAL POSITION IN ELITE TAEKWONDO PRACTITIONERS WITHIN A FULL-YEAR MACROCYCLE
Keywords:
Stabilometry, taekwondo, postural balance, macrocycle of training
Abstract
Aim. To study dynamical changes in statokinetic stability of 10 elite taekwondo practitioners (Masters of Sport and Candidates for Master of Sport) within a full-year macrocycle (preparatory, competitive, and recovery periods). Materials and Methods. Ten taekwondo practitioners (5 members of the RF national team and 5 members of the national team of Kazakhstan) took part in the research. Statokinetic stability indicators were measured by MBN Stabilo hardwaresoftware system in 3 periods of training: preparatory, competitive, and recovery. Results. It was established that, irrespective of the stage of training, the general center of pressure was shifted rightwards (8.11 to 29.56 mm) in frontal and sagittal planes, which probably resulted from specific pose typical of taekwondo. In the competitive period we observed a significant drastic increase in shifts of the general center of pressure, which was especially evident from comparison of the data of tests with eyes open and closed. Values of the GCP (general center of pressure) speed in the test with eyes open were minimal during the recovery period while in precompetitive and competitive periods they were significantly increased by 15-18% by an average. The analysis of differences between tests with eyes open and closed revealed the drastic growth of statokinesigram area in the competitive period. Conclusion. According to our findings, within the full-year macrocycle of training of elite taekwondo practitioners the competitive period was characterized by evident signs of fatigue of the central nervous system, changes in proprioception, changes in the activity of the central rhythm generator, changes in the speed of movement in a vertical position (central pattern generator – CPG), and biomechanical disturbances.References
1. Gazhe P.M., Veber B. Posturologiya. Regulyatsiya i narushenie ravnovesiya tela cheloveka [Postology. Regulation and Imbalance of the Human Body]. St. Petersburg, SPbMAPO Publ., 2008. 316 p.
2. Gurfinkel' V.S., Levik Yu.S., Lebedev M.A. [Near and Distant Postactivation Effects in the Human Motor System]. Neyrofiziologiya [Neurophysiology], 1989, no. 21, pp. 343–351. (in Russ.)
3. Gurfinkel' V.S., Popov K.E., Smetanin B.N. [Changes in the Direction of Vestibulomotor Responses During Adaptation to Prolonged Static Head Rotation in Humans]. Neyrofiziologiya [Neurophysiology], 1989, no. 21, pp. 210–217. (in Russ.)
4. Gurfinkel' V.S., Chernavskiy A.V., Levik Yu.S. Kontseptsiya skhemy tela i motornyy kontrol'. Intellektual'nye protsessy i ikh modelirovanie. Organizatsiya dvizheniy [The Concept of Body Scheme and Motor Control. Intellectual Processes and Their Modeling. Organization of movements]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1991. 105 p.
5. Gurfinkel' V.S., Kots Ya.M., Shik M.L. Regulyatsiya pozy cheloveka [Regulation of the Human Pose]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1965. 256 p.
6. Efimova Yu.S., Savinykh L.E., Povzun A.A. [Influence of Regular Physical Exertion on the State of Adaptability of the Organism of Female Students Actively Engaged in Sports]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference], 2010, pp. 80–83. (in Russ.)
7. Likhachev S.A., Kachinskiy A.N. [The Significance of Some Static Stabilometry Indicators]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii [Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology], 2011, no. 2, pp. 33–37. (in Russ.)
8. Likhachev S.A., Tarasevich M.N. [Vestibular Myogenic Potentials. Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of Their Realization and Clinical Application]. Zhurnal Nevrologii psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova [Journal of Neurology of Psychiatry Named after S.S. Korsakov], 2011, no. 2, pp. 84–89. (in Russ.)
9. Pakhomova T.G. [Modern Trends in the Development of Cultural and Educational Tourism in Russia]. Nauchnyy Vestnik MGIIT [Scientific Bulletin of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations], 2016, no. 6(44), pp. 12–21 (in Russ.).
10. Feshchenko V.S., Andreev D.A., Borisova N.V. [The Main Directions of the Biomechanical Survey in the Study of the Proprioceptive System in the Sport of High Achievements]. Vestnik vosstanovitel'noy meditsiny [Bulletin of Restorative Medicine], 2013, no. 4, pp. 37–40. (in Russ.)
11. Fomina E.V., Shpakov V.V. [Influence of Sports Load on Functional Asymmetry of the Brain]. Rossiyskiy fiziologicheskiy zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova [Russian Physiological Journal Named after I.M. Sechenov], 2004, vol. 90, no. 8, pp. 254–255. (in Russ.)
12. Chinkin A.C., Khusnullina R.I. [Vestibular Reactions of Young Athletes Engaged in Ski Jumping From a Springboard]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 2008, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 118–123. (in Russ.)
13. Yarlykov V.N. [The Phenomenon of False Localization of the Visual Image and Functional Asymmetry of the Human]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 1984, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 573–577. (in Russ.)
14. Cenciarini M., Peterka R.J. Stimulus-Dependent Changes in the Vestibular Contribution to Human Postural Control. J. of Neurophysiology, 2006, vol. 95, pp. 2733–2750. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00856.2004
15. Chvatal S.A., Torres-Oviedo G., Safavynia A.S., Ting L.H. Common Muscle Synergies for Control of Center of Mass and Force in Non Stepping and Stepping Postural Behaviors Perturbations. J. of Neurophysiology, 2011, vol. 106, pp. 999–1015. DOI: 0.1152/jn.00549.2010
16. Goodworth A.D., Peterka R.J. Contribution of Sensorimotor Integration to Spinal Stabilization in Humans. J. of Neurophysiology, 2009, vol. 102, pp. 496–512. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00118.2009
17. Peterka R.J., Loughlin P.J. Dynamic Regulation of Sensorimotor Integration in Human Postural Control. J. of Neurophysiology, 2004, vol. 91, pp. 410–423. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00516.2003
18. Redfern M.S., Talkowski M.E., Jennings J.R., Furman J.M. Cognitive Influences in Postural Control of Patients with Unilateral Vestibular Loss. Gait & Posture, 2004, vol. 19, pp. 105–114. DOI: 10.1016/S0966-6362(03)00032-8
19. Safavynia S.A., Ting L.H. Task-Level Feedback Can Explain Temporal Recruitment of Spatially Fixed Muscle Synergies Throughout Postural Perturbations. J. of Neurophysiology, 2012, vol. 107, pp. 159–177. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00653.2011
2. Gurfinkel' V.S., Levik Yu.S., Lebedev M.A. [Near and Distant Postactivation Effects in the Human Motor System]. Neyrofiziologiya [Neurophysiology], 1989, no. 21, pp. 343–351. (in Russ.)
3. Gurfinkel' V.S., Popov K.E., Smetanin B.N. [Changes in the Direction of Vestibulomotor Responses During Adaptation to Prolonged Static Head Rotation in Humans]. Neyrofiziologiya [Neurophysiology], 1989, no. 21, pp. 210–217. (in Russ.)
4. Gurfinkel' V.S., Chernavskiy A.V., Levik Yu.S. Kontseptsiya skhemy tela i motornyy kontrol'. Intellektual'nye protsessy i ikh modelirovanie. Organizatsiya dvizheniy [The Concept of Body Scheme and Motor Control. Intellectual Processes and Their Modeling. Organization of movements]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1991. 105 p.
5. Gurfinkel' V.S., Kots Ya.M., Shik M.L. Regulyatsiya pozy cheloveka [Regulation of the Human Pose]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1965. 256 p.
6. Efimova Yu.S., Savinykh L.E., Povzun A.A. [Influence of Regular Physical Exertion on the State of Adaptability of the Organism of Female Students Actively Engaged in Sports]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference], 2010, pp. 80–83. (in Russ.)
7. Likhachev S.A., Kachinskiy A.N. [The Significance of Some Static Stabilometry Indicators]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii [Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology], 2011, no. 2, pp. 33–37. (in Russ.)
8. Likhachev S.A., Tarasevich M.N. [Vestibular Myogenic Potentials. Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of Their Realization and Clinical Application]. Zhurnal Nevrologii psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova [Journal of Neurology of Psychiatry Named after S.S. Korsakov], 2011, no. 2, pp. 84–89. (in Russ.)
9. Pakhomova T.G. [Modern Trends in the Development of Cultural and Educational Tourism in Russia]. Nauchnyy Vestnik MGIIT [Scientific Bulletin of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations], 2016, no. 6(44), pp. 12–21 (in Russ.).
10. Feshchenko V.S., Andreev D.A., Borisova N.V. [The Main Directions of the Biomechanical Survey in the Study of the Proprioceptive System in the Sport of High Achievements]. Vestnik vosstanovitel'noy meditsiny [Bulletin of Restorative Medicine], 2013, no. 4, pp. 37–40. (in Russ.)
11. Fomina E.V., Shpakov V.V. [Influence of Sports Load on Functional Asymmetry of the Brain]. Rossiyskiy fiziologicheskiy zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova [Russian Physiological Journal Named after I.M. Sechenov], 2004, vol. 90, no. 8, pp. 254–255. (in Russ.)
12. Chinkin A.C., Khusnullina R.I. [Vestibular Reactions of Young Athletes Engaged in Ski Jumping From a Springboard]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 2008, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 118–123. (in Russ.)
13. Yarlykov V.N. [The Phenomenon of False Localization of the Visual Image and Functional Asymmetry of the Human]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 1984, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 573–577. (in Russ.)
14. Cenciarini M., Peterka R.J. Stimulus-Dependent Changes in the Vestibular Contribution to Human Postural Control. J. of Neurophysiology, 2006, vol. 95, pp. 2733–2750. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00856.2004
15. Chvatal S.A., Torres-Oviedo G., Safavynia A.S., Ting L.H. Common Muscle Synergies for Control of Center of Mass and Force in Non Stepping and Stepping Postural Behaviors Perturbations. J. of Neurophysiology, 2011, vol. 106, pp. 999–1015. DOI: 0.1152/jn.00549.2010
16. Goodworth A.D., Peterka R.J. Contribution of Sensorimotor Integration to Spinal Stabilization in Humans. J. of Neurophysiology, 2009, vol. 102, pp. 496–512. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00118.2009
17. Peterka R.J., Loughlin P.J. Dynamic Regulation of Sensorimotor Integration in Human Postural Control. J. of Neurophysiology, 2004, vol. 91, pp. 410–423. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00516.2003
18. Redfern M.S., Talkowski M.E., Jennings J.R., Furman J.M. Cognitive Influences in Postural Control of Patients with Unilateral Vestibular Loss. Gait & Posture, 2004, vol. 19, pp. 105–114. DOI: 10.1016/S0966-6362(03)00032-8
19. Safavynia S.A., Ting L.H. Task-Level Feedback Can Explain Temporal Recruitment of Spatially Fixed Muscle Synergies Throughout Postural Perturbations. J. of Neurophysiology, 2012, vol. 107, pp. 159–177. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00653.2011
2. Gurfinkel' V.S., Levik Yu.S., Lebedev M.A. [Near and Distant Postactivation Effects in the Human Motor System]. Neyrofiziologiya [Neurophysiology], 1989, no. 21, pp. 343–351. (in Russ.)
3. Gurfinkel' V.S., Popov K.E., Smetanin B.N. [Changes in the Direction of Vestibulomotor Responses During Adaptation to Prolonged Static Head Rotation in Humans]. Neyrofiziologiya [Neurophysiology], 1989, no. 21, pp. 210–217. (in Russ.)
4. Gurfinkel' V.S., Chernavskiy A.V., Levik Yu.S. Kontseptsiya skhemy tela i motornyy kontrol'. Intellektual'nye protsessy i ikh modelirovanie. Organizatsiya dvizheniy [The Concept of Body Scheme and Motor Control. Intellectual Processes and Their Modeling. Organization of movements]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1991. 105 p.
5. Gurfinkel' V.S., Kots Ya.M., Shik M.L. Regulyatsiya pozy cheloveka [Regulation of the Human Pose]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1965. 256 p.
6. Efimova Yu.S., Savinykh L.E., Povzun A.A. [Influence of Regular Physical Exertion on the State of Adaptability of the Organism of Female Students Actively Engaged in Sports]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference], 2010, pp. 80–83. (in Russ.)
7. Likhachev S.A., Kachinskiy A.N. [The Significance of Some Static Stabilometry Indicators]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii [Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology], 2011, no. 2, pp. 33–37. (in Russ.)
8. Likhachev S.A., Tarasevich M.N. [Vestibular Myogenic Potentials. Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of Their Realization and Clinical Application]. Zhurnal Nevrologii psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova [Journal of Neurology of Psychiatry Named after S.S. Korsakov], 2011, no. 2, pp. 84–89. (in Russ.)
9. Pakhomova T.G. [Modern Trends in the Development of Cultural and Educational Tourism in Russia]. Nauchnyy Vestnik MGIIT [Scientific Bulletin of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations], 2016, no. 6(44), pp. 12–21 (in Russ.).
10. Feshchenko V.S., Andreev D.A., Borisova N.V. [The Main Directions of the Biomechanical Survey in the Study of the Proprioceptive System in the Sport of High Achievements]. Vestnik vosstanovitel'noy meditsiny [Bulletin of Restorative Medicine], 2013, no. 4, pp. 37–40. (in Russ.)
11. Fomina E.V., Shpakov V.V. [Influence of Sports Load on Functional Asymmetry of the Brain]. Rossiyskiy fiziologicheskiy zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova [Russian Physiological Journal Named after I.M. Sechenov], 2004, vol. 90, no. 8, pp. 254–255. (in Russ.)
12. Chinkin A.C., Khusnullina R.I. [Vestibular Reactions of Young Athletes Engaged in Ski Jumping From a Springboard]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 2008, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 118–123. (in Russ.)
13. Yarlykov V.N. [The Phenomenon of False Localization of the Visual Image and Functional Asymmetry of the Human]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 1984, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 573–577. (in Russ.)
14. Cenciarini M., Peterka R.J. Stimulus-Dependent Changes in the Vestibular Contribution to Human Postural Control. J. of Neurophysiology, 2006, vol. 95, pp. 2733–2750. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00856.2004
15. Chvatal S.A., Torres-Oviedo G., Safavynia A.S., Ting L.H. Common Muscle Synergies for Control of Center of Mass and Force in Non Stepping and Stepping Postural Behaviors Perturbations. J. of Neurophysiology, 2011, vol. 106, pp. 999–1015. DOI: 0.1152/jn.00549.2010
16. Goodworth A.D., Peterka R.J. Contribution of Sensorimotor Integration to Spinal Stabilization in Humans. J. of Neurophysiology, 2009, vol. 102, pp. 496–512. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00118.2009
17. Peterka R.J., Loughlin P.J. Dynamic Regulation of Sensorimotor Integration in Human Postural Control. J. of Neurophysiology, 2004, vol. 91, pp. 410–423. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00516.2003
18. Redfern M.S., Talkowski M.E., Jennings J.R., Furman J.M. Cognitive Influences in Postural Control of Patients with Unilateral Vestibular Loss. Gait & Posture, 2004, vol. 19, pp. 105–114. DOI: 10.1016/S0966-6362(03)00032-8
19. Safavynia S.A., Ting L.H. Task-Level Feedback Can Explain Temporal Recruitment of Spatially Fixed Muscle Synergies Throughout Postural Perturbations. J. of Neurophysiology, 2012, vol. 107, pp. 159–177. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00653.2011
References on translit
1. Gazhe P.M., Veber B. Posturologiya. Regulyatsiya i narushenie ravnovesiya tela cheloveka [Postology. Regulation and Imbalance of the Human Body]. St. Petersburg, SPbMAPO Publ., 2008. 316 p.2. Gurfinkel' V.S., Levik Yu.S., Lebedev M.A. [Near and Distant Postactivation Effects in the Human Motor System]. Neyrofiziologiya [Neurophysiology], 1989, no. 21, pp. 343–351. (in Russ.)
3. Gurfinkel' V.S., Popov K.E., Smetanin B.N. [Changes in the Direction of Vestibulomotor Responses During Adaptation to Prolonged Static Head Rotation in Humans]. Neyrofiziologiya [Neurophysiology], 1989, no. 21, pp. 210–217. (in Russ.)
4. Gurfinkel' V.S., Chernavskiy A.V., Levik Yu.S. Kontseptsiya skhemy tela i motornyy kontrol'. Intellektual'nye protsessy i ikh modelirovanie. Organizatsiya dvizheniy [The Concept of Body Scheme and Motor Control. Intellectual Processes and Their Modeling. Organization of movements]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1991. 105 p.
5. Gurfinkel' V.S., Kots Ya.M., Shik M.L. Regulyatsiya pozy cheloveka [Regulation of the Human Pose]. Moscow, Science Publ., 1965. 256 p.
6. Efimova Yu.S., Savinykh L.E., Povzun A.A. [Influence of Regular Physical Exertion on the State of Adaptability of the Organism of Female Students Actively Engaged in Sports]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference], 2010, pp. 80–83. (in Russ.)
7. Likhachev S.A., Kachinskiy A.N. [The Significance of Some Static Stabilometry Indicators]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii [Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology], 2011, no. 2, pp. 33–37. (in Russ.)
8. Likhachev S.A., Tarasevich M.N. [Vestibular Myogenic Potentials. Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of Their Realization and Clinical Application]. Zhurnal Nevrologii psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova [Journal of Neurology of Psychiatry Named after S.S. Korsakov], 2011, no. 2, pp. 84–89. (in Russ.)
9. Pakhomova T.G. [Modern Trends in the Development of Cultural and Educational Tourism in Russia]. Nauchnyy Vestnik MGIIT [Scientific Bulletin of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations], 2016, no. 6(44), pp. 12–21 (in Russ.).
10. Feshchenko V.S., Andreev D.A., Borisova N.V. [The Main Directions of the Biomechanical Survey in the Study of the Proprioceptive System in the Sport of High Achievements]. Vestnik vosstanovitel'noy meditsiny [Bulletin of Restorative Medicine], 2013, no. 4, pp. 37–40. (in Russ.)
11. Fomina E.V., Shpakov V.V. [Influence of Sports Load on Functional Asymmetry of the Brain]. Rossiyskiy fiziologicheskiy zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova [Russian Physiological Journal Named after I.M. Sechenov], 2004, vol. 90, no. 8, pp. 254–255. (in Russ.)
12. Chinkin A.C., Khusnullina R.I. [Vestibular Reactions of Young Athletes Engaged in Ski Jumping From a Springboard]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 2008, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 118–123. (in Russ.)
13. Yarlykov V.N. [The Phenomenon of False Localization of the Visual Image and Functional Asymmetry of the Human]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Physiology of Man], 1984, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 573–577. (in Russ.)
14. Cenciarini M., Peterka R.J. Stimulus-Dependent Changes in the Vestibular Contribution to Human Postural Control. J. of Neurophysiology, 2006, vol. 95, pp. 2733–2750. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00856.2004
15. Chvatal S.A., Torres-Oviedo G., Safavynia A.S., Ting L.H. Common Muscle Synergies for Control of Center of Mass and Force in Non Stepping and Stepping Postural Behaviors Perturbations. J. of Neurophysiology, 2011, vol. 106, pp. 999–1015. DOI: 0.1152/jn.00549.2010
16. Goodworth A.D., Peterka R.J. Contribution of Sensorimotor Integration to Spinal Stabilization in Humans. J. of Neurophysiology, 2009, vol. 102, pp. 496–512. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00118.2009
17. Peterka R.J., Loughlin P.J. Dynamic Regulation of Sensorimotor Integration in Human Postural Control. J. of Neurophysiology, 2004, vol. 91, pp. 410–423. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00516.2003
18. Redfern M.S., Talkowski M.E., Jennings J.R., Furman J.M. Cognitive Influences in Postural Control of Patients with Unilateral Vestibular Loss. Gait & Posture, 2004, vol. 19, pp. 105–114. DOI: 10.1016/S0966-6362(03)00032-8
19. Safavynia S.A., Ting L.H. Task-Level Feedback Can Explain Temporal Recruitment of Spatially Fixed Muscle Synergies Throughout Postural Perturbations. J. of Neurophysiology, 2012, vol. 107, pp. 159–177. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00653.2011
Published
2017-09-01
How to Cite
Saraykin, D., Epishev, V., & Pavlova, V. (2017). DYNAMICAL CHANGES IN POSTURAL BALANCE OF VERTICAL POSITION IN ELITE TAEKWONDO PRACTITIONERS WITHIN A FULL-YEAR MACROCYCLE. Human. Sport. Medicine, 17(3), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm170303
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Physiology
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